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'Handbook of Arabia. Vol II. 1917' [357] (361/542)
The record is made up of 1 volume (271 folios). It was created in 1917. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
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CHAPTER V
HYGIENE AND DISEASE
r 9 >
A lthough the long coast-line of Arabia possesses, relatively, few
harbours, those of Yambo' el-Bahr, Jiddah, Hodeidah, Aden,
Muscat, and Koweit are important as gateways through which
diseases may, and do, enter the country, as they may also arrive
by land routes. Borne by ship or caravan, by man, beast, insect,
or plant, infections must be watched for and checked at every inlet.
The resident population is small for the size of the country, and
many of the tribes are nomadic (see vol. I, pp. 18 ff.). The great
moving population of pilgrims and traders renders the practice of
hygiene difficult in Arabia, and diseases due to cholera germs,
typhoid bacilli, and insect parasites follow their track.
Dwellers or sojourners in the land have to contend against local
conditions such as heat, storms, winds, sand-tempests, &c.; against
attacks by wild animals, or injury from snakes and scorpions ;
against unfamiliar plants, bearing strong and sharp thorns, which
may be poisonous or otherwise hurtful. Diseases such as cholera,
enteric fevers, or dysentery, as well as intestinal and other parasites,
may lurk in contaminated food or water ; malaria, filaria, typhus,
&c., are inoculated by bites of mosquitoes, lice, or other arthropods ;
and man spreads among his fellows venereal diseases, ringworm, and
other parasites. Against all the above-mentioned evils, and many
others to be presently noticed, the individual, be he soldier, sailor,
pilgrim, or ordinary traveller, as well as the medical and sanitary
officer, must exercise eternal watchfulness and must wage eternal
war.
General Hygiene. Hygiene is an inclusive term for the science
which concerns itself with the preservation of health, and it need
hardly be said that, generally speaking, the healthy, cared-for body
guided by a healthy mind is less likely to suffer from the effects of
climatic conditions and less likely to contract disease than one which
is unwisely clothed, fed, or worked, and which suffers from want of
cleanliness.
This general proposition explains, unfortunately no more than
vaguely and in part, why it is that one man may harbour the germs
About this item
- Content
This volume is A Handbook of Arabia, Volume II, Routes (Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Department: May, 1917) and contains details on routes in the Arabian Peninsula, as well as information on transport and lines of communication arranged on a geographical basis. Chapters concerning meteorological information, hygiene and disease, and vocabularies have also been incorporated. The volume was prepared on behalf of the Admiralty and the War Office. The sources from which the routes have been compiled, together with notes on directions and distance, appear at the head of each chapter, while some sections have been compiled on the basis of native information. Authorities cited include: George August Wallin, William Gifford Palgrave, Carlo Claudio Camillo Guarmani, Lady Anne Blunt, Charles Huber, Julius Euting, Gerard Leachman, Gertrude Bell, Anders Christian Barclay Raunkiær, William Henry Irvine Shakespear, and John Gordon Lorimer.
The volume includes a note on confidentiality, title page, and a 'Note' on the compilation of the volume. There is a page of 'Contents' that includes the following sections:
- Chapter 1: Methods of Transport;
- Chapter 2: Communications, A. Northern Routes, B. Eastern Routes, C. Central Routes, D. Western Routes, E. South-Western Routes, F. Southern Routes, G. Souther-Eastern Routes;
- Chapter 3: Routes, A. Northern Routes, B. Eastern Routes, C. Central Routes, D. Western Routes, E. South-Western Routes, F. Southern Routes, G. Souther-Eastern Routes;
- Chapter 4: Meteorological Observations;
- Chapter 5: Hygiene and Disease;
- Chapter 6: Vocabularies;
- Appendix: Note on the System of Transliteration and Glossary of Topographical and Common Terms;
- Index;
- Plates.
There is also a 'List of Maps' and a 'Note on the Spelling of Proper Terms'.
There is one map contained in this volume: 'Map 5. Key Map of Routes'. In addition, there are nine plates by Douglas Carruthers, Captain William Henry Irvine Shakespear, Captain Gerard Leachman, and Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Barrett Miles.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (271 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is arranged in chapters. There is a contents page, list of maps, alphabetical index, and list of plates.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: There is a foliation sequence, which is circled in pencil, in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of each folio. It begins on the front cover, on number 1, and ends on the map which is inserted at the back of the volume, on number 271.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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'Handbook of Arabia. Vol II. 1917' [357] (361/542), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/E84/2, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023896535.0x0000a3> [accessed 3 April 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/E84/2
- Title
- 'Handbook of Arabia. Vol II. 1917'
- Pages
- front, front-i, i-r:i-v, 1:534, ii-r:ii-v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence