'History of the imâms and seyyids of 'Omân by Salîl-ibn-Razîk, from A.D. 661-1856; translated from the original Arabic, and edited with notes, appendices, and an introduction, continuing the history down to 1870, by George Percy Badger, F.R.G.S., late chaplain in the Presidency of Bombay.' [‎22] (55/612)

xx11
introduction
At the period of NAsir-bin-Murshid's election some of
the inland towns and forts were in the hands of independent
chiefs, styled Maliks/^ (p. 64) j others were possessed by
the inhabitants in common, who appear to have formed petty
municipal or village republics. Er-Eastak and Nakhl were
held by the relatives of Nasir; Tawwam or el-Bereimy, and
one town in ezh-Zhahirah, by the Hilalis, proving that the
Maaddic tribes (see note, p. 58) had already gained a strong
footing in that part of'Oman; Behla, which had been a mili-
taiy post under the Khalifahs, and one of the capitals of the
Benu-Nebhan, was in the hands of the Benu-Hinay. Lawa,
(note, p. 02), seems to have been the only port on the eastern
coast subject to the 'Omanis, the remainder being still held
by the Portuguese, Albuquerque having seized them,
a.d . 1508, at which time they were undoubtedly tributary
to the Malik of Hormuz. 1 Julfar, on the western coast of
the promontory, was occupied by "Persians" from Hormuz,
prised that the author, when describing a person of rank, first gives his
name and family descent, then his gentilic extraction, mentioning the
sub-tribe before the parent stock, and lastly the place of his birth. ^Ihus
in the case of 'Omar, (p. 48), his progenitors are enumerated through
five generations ; then he is called " el-Yahmady," i. e. of the sub-tribe
of el-Yahmad; then " el-Azdy," of the el-Azd stock; and then " el-
Kharusy, Kharus being his native place. It is only in special cases,
however, that all these particulars are supplied ; the more common prac
tice is to give a man's name, as the son of so-and-so, his gentilic de
scent, and his birthplace. The two Imams mentioned at p. 25 are in
stances of this abbreviated style.
This appears to be clear from the narrative of Faria y Sousa, accord
ing to which Alfonso de Albuquerque after leaving Socotra went to
Kalhat, "a beautiful and strong place in the kingdom of Ormuz,"
where he was well received, and entered into a treaty of peace with the
governor. At Karyat, ten miles farther north, being ill received, he
stormed the place. The governor of Mdskat made a treaty of peace
with him, but while his boats were ashore for water, " two thousand
men who had arrived to defend the town from Ormuz" opened fire upon
him, which led him to capture the place. And at Sohar the inhabitants
engaged to pay him " the same tribute which used to be given to the
King of Ormuz." See Kerr's Voyages and Travels, vol. vi. pp. 102-3.