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'File 53/7 VI (D 9) Koweit [Kuwait] affairs - Arab Tribes, 1907-1911' [248v] (504/676)
The record is made up of 1 file (335 folios). It was created in 3 Jan 1907-16 Mar 1911. It was written in English, French and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
Hesuscilation of the Amir ate of Saud —Mubarak as Subah Sheikh of
^ two brothers Mahommed and Jerrah in Zil Kaadah 1313
(1890), and the sons of the two killed ones took refuge with their maernalt
uncle 1 usui Ibrahim famed for his wealth and his generous protection of
suppliants, and tnose sons had recourse also to the Ottoman Government in the
Vilayet of Busra in the time of Vali Hamdi
Pasha
An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders.
, and Mubarak became afraid
from what he knew of Yusuf and of the right of the Ottoman Government to
interfere, but these matters need not be detailed as they are generally known.
And to protect himself Mubarak thought of getting the Amirs of the house of
baud and of the people of Kasim who dwelt in the neighbourhood of Kowietto
be stumbling-blocks in the way of Ibn Eashid, for he knew the latter to be an
agent ot the Ottoman Government, and feared the Government might incite
lum to conquer Kowiet from the land side, and in fact Ibn Rashid did submit
this idea to the Palace at Yildiz more than once, but the Government did not
a ? P v r0 ^ i ' f S thG Government w as under the influence of intriguers employ
ed by Mubarak who, for money considerations, opposed the policy of protecting
tue sons ot the two slam princes and their maternal uncle Yusuf' ibn Ibrahim,
so that he, Yusuf ibn Ibrahim, excused himself and withdrew to India : and
when the Ottoman Government heard of the departure of Yusuf ibn Ibrahim
it suggested to Ibn Eashid to send for him (to Hail) and the Government set
about making peace between Mubarak and the sons of his brothers : and Ibn
Kaslnd obeyed and sent for Yusuf ibn Ibrahim, and when the latter went to
±1 ail, Mubarak took alarm and tried to send on a raid into the desert against
Ibn Eashid the Amirs of the house of Saud and of Kasim who were near him,
but tney refused as they knew they were too weak, and he put compulsion
on them and to please him they went out and for six years they assailed the
Amirale of Ibn Eashid, and the men of the Palace turned against Ibn Kashid
owing to the golden arguments used by Mubarak; and only the Sultan himself
remained favourable to him, in spite of the oahimmators who tried to turn him
against him for be knew the truth about the Amirates of ibn Saud and Ibn
Kaslncl, that the former wanted the kingdom and the kbalifate and the latter
the Aiuirate under the shadow of the Ottoman Crescent; but the intriguers
prevented the Sulfan from helping Ibn Eashid and from noticing the misdeeds
TI lbn kaud, and this was due to the preponderance of the party of Abdul
liuda (May God requite every traitor to his Government and his countrv with
what he deserves) So to the present day Mubarak as Subah, Sheikh of Kowiet
is the main force for the support of the Amirate of Ibn Saud, only in the last
years he is majong a show of coquetting with Ibn Eashid, but in reality he is
stiii helping Ibn Saud with money and men and arms and ammunition. Also
there has been internal discord in the Amirate of Ibn Eashid and men of the
house have murdered one the other, and these matters are well known and need
not be detailed here.
Jmirate of Mufahibn Abdul Aziz ibn Rashid .—ISH (1906).~~' Eq
assumed the Amirate with the help of the tribe Shammar at the age of ]8, and
his maternal uncles (the sons of Hamud al Ubeid) Sultan and Saud and Paisal
were envious ot the younger man getting the Amirate and they combined to
slay the Amir Mut ab and his brothers and his cousins on his father's side
and they succeeded in their plot (I mean these were killed Mut'ab and his
brothers and the son of his paternal uncle). During his Amirate of nine
months Sultan and his brothers had full control of the affairs of the Amirate
but this did not suffice without the title. Now Sultan assumed the Amirate
(January IJO 7 ), and envy and hatred sprang up among the three brothers, so
that Sultan was obhged to approach the Subhans, who had been the Vazirs
of the Amirate before Mut'ab, and who are the maternal uncles of the present
Amir ibn Abdul Aziz ibn Eashid a boy of 10 who was living with them. God,
through the Subhans, protected the child from the plot of the sons of Hamud
0r / the three 80118 of Hamucl became more sharp
the Subhans were afraid for the boy, and the chief of them Hamud as Subhan
feigning illness went away with the boy, taking his own valuables with him,
4
About this item
- Content
This file contains correspondence between British officials regarding political affairs in Kuwait and its vicinity. The correspondence discusses developments in the conflict between Abdul Aziz ibn Abdulrahman ibn Faisal Al Saud [‘Abd al-‘Azīz bin ‘Abd al-Raḥmān bin Fayṣal Āl Sa‘ūd (Ibn Saud)] and the ruler of the Emirate of Jabal Shammar, Mut-ab Ibn Abdul Aziz [Mit‘ab bin ‘Abd al-‘Azīz]. The murder of Mut-ab by his uncle Sultan is reported in the file on folio 54 and a detailed account of the killing is contained on folio 103. The subsequent murder of Sultan is also reported in the file on folios 230-232.
Throughout the file, the correspondence discusses the rise in power of Ibn Saud (and the relative decline of the Rashidi tribal dynasty) and Ibn Saud's desire - often expressed through Shaikh Mubārak Āl Ṣabāḥ, the ruler of Kuwait - to form a closer relationship with the British Government.
On folios 145-191, the file contains a detailed report written by the British Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Kuwait, Stuart George Knox concerning a trip he made to the village of Anta'a in February 1908.
The file contains an English translation of a pamphlet produced by Suleiman Bassam, a prominent merchant in Mecca said to be a strong supporter of the Rashidis and an opponent of Ibn Saud. The pamphlet contains a history of the Rashidi tribal dynasty and information about the Emirate of Jabal Shammar.
The file also contains copies of correspondence sent between the Ottoman Governor (Vali) of Basrah and Shaikh Mubārak as well as a report written by William Henry Irvine Shakespear, Knox's successor as Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Kuwait, after he had met Ibn Saud in Kuwait in February 1910.
- Extent and format
- 1 file (335 folios)
- Arrangement
The file is arranged in chronological order, from earliest at beginning of the file to most recent at end.
An index of the topics discussed in the file is contained on folio 2. The numbers listed in this index relate to the foliation sequence that uses a mechanical stamp (and starts on folio 3).
- Physical characteristics
Condition: Previously a bound correspondence volume, the file's sheets have been unbound and are now loose.
Foliation: The volume has been foliated from the first page of text in the volume until to the inside back cover using circled pencil numbers in the top right-corner of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . There is an earlier, possibly original, foliation sequence that runs through the volume, which uses a mechanical stamp. There is also an original pagination system which runs through the volume, using blue or red pencil numbers in the top-right corner of recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. pages, and the top-left corner of verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. pages.
- Written in
- English, French and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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'File 53/7 VI (D 9) Koweit [Kuwait] affairs - Arab Tribes, 1907-1911' [248v] (504/676), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/479, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023576878.0x000069> [accessed 5 April 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/1/479
- Title
- 'File 53/7 VI (D 9) Koweit [Kuwait] affairs - Arab Tribes, 1907-1911'
- Pages
- front, front-i, 1r:2v, 2ar:2av, 3r:7v, 9r:63v, 63ar:63av, 64r:76v, 76ar:76av, 77r:301v, 304r:304v, 310r:315v, 317r:333v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence