'Gazetteer of the Persian Gulf. Vol I. Historical. Part IA & IB. J G Lorimer. 1915' [‎959] (1114/1782)

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959
of internal aflkirs, relations with Bahrain, and British relations is neces
sarily somewhat artificial; but such a classification must, for the sake of
clearness^ be adopted.
At their own withdrawal the Egyptians left their creature Hasa under
Khalid in possession of the Amirate of Najd, supported by about 800 of xhaHd^lSiO
their troops. The new ruler, apparently unconscious of the real weakness 42.
of his position, at first indulged in dreams of foreign conquest; and about
October 1841 he moved down to Flasa with the intention, as was
supposed, of sending an expedition against 'Oman ; but difficulties nearer
to the seat of his power soon recalled him to Najd. In December 1841,
or early in 1842, he was expelled from Riyadh by 'Abdullah-bin-
Thinaiyan, a more powerful rival, and retired to Qatif with his foreign
troops, whose presence was obnoxious to his subjects and was one of the
principal causes of his downfall. The inhabitants of Hasa had already
opened a correspondence with the new Amir, 'Abdullah ; and the people
of Qatif soon forced Khalid to dismiss his Egyptian soldiers and take
refuge with Mubarak, a son of the Shaikh of Bahrain, in the seaside fort
of Dammam further down the coast. He was received by Mubarak as a
welcome guest j and, in April 1842, he paid a visit to the Shaikh of
Bahrain at Khor Hassan in Qatar, was treated there with much respect,
and was encouraged to hope for assistance in recovering Qatif.
Operations undertaken in his interest against the Ilasa Oasis and the
port of 'Oqair were temporarily successful, but Mubarak-bin-'Abdullah
was soon in full retreat to the coast before the victorious army of
'Abdullah, and Khalid then left Dammam for Kuwait.
No internal events of importance characterised the short reign of
Khalid's successor, 'Abdullah, over the province of Hasa. At the end of
1842 the inhabitants who had so readily professed allegiance to him
began, in consequence of his exactions in Qatif, to be discontented with
his rule ; but there was not as yet any open movement among the settled
population against his authority. A number of the Bedouin tribes in the
neighbourhood at first refused to submit to him, but these he
appears to have coerced with success. In 1843 his sovereignty ceased.
In 1851 Faisal, the successor of the Amir 'Abdullah, visited Qatar,
and it may be presumed that he made a tour in Hasa at the same time.
The object of his visit to the region appears to have been the chastise
ment of some of the Bedouin tribes; and at the present day he is
remembered as the only ruler of Najd who ever pursued the wild Al
Morrah into their sandy retreats with any success.
Hasa under
the Amir
'Abdullah,
1842-43.
Hasa under
the Amir
Faisal, 184S-
60.