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‘Persian Gulf gazetteer. Part 1. Historical and political materials. Précis of Katar [Qatar] affairs, 1873-1904.’ [7v] (14/92)
The record is made up of 1 volume (46 folios). It was created in 1904. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
4
Threatened attack on Bahrein and Zobarah by the Bedouin tribes
of Beni Hajir.
1874.
11. The Beni-Hajir tribe of Bedouins, residing in the Katar peninsula, by
Pol. a.. November 1874. No.. 162-165. oi ^ P^acies, played a prominent
part in the history of the Arabian littoral
of the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
during this period. About the middle of the year 1873 it
was reported that a body of 300 to 400 Bedouins of the tribe were making
serious attempts to secure boats for the purpose of making a piratical attack on
Bahrein. The Chief of the island made preparations to meet them, and the
May Frere and Mugh Bose cruised along the coast of Katar to overawe
them. This had an effect in checking their movements, but they still waited
for a favourable opportunity to make a sudden raid. The Resident in these
circumstances, telegraphed on the 5th September 1874 as follows :—
A Bedouin tribe of Nejd have been making serions attempt to cross from mainland
on a piratical raid against Bahrein, hitherto they have been frustrated by presence of J/ay
Frere and Hugh Rose. Jt is feared they may procure boats from one of the posts under
Turkish authority and renew their attempts 1 solicit authority to communicate with Colonel
Herbert in view of orders being issued to the Turkish Governors to forbid the Arabs acting
from their territory. I have made urgent requisition to Senior Naval Officer for a vessel of
war to proceed to Bahrein."
12. The reply sent to him by the Government of India was as follows:
" Take effective steps to defend Bahrein against aggression by any Chiefs or tribes of
the Gulf. Marine Departmemt requested to send quicldy a vessel of war. Make no reference
to Colonel Herbert, but communicate facts and these instructions to Minister at Tehran for
information of Persian Government."
13. It was found afterwards unnecessary to despatch another vessel, the
Pol. A., November 1874, No. 169. alread y, at Bahrein.' On
Poi. a , November 1874, No. is*. 12th oeptember 1874 the Resident again
telegraphed
" The Beni Hajir tribe referred to in my telegram of fifth, having procured a few boats
from Bidaa, portion of them embarked. Their designs as against Bahrein were frustrated bv
movements of
Bombay Marine
The navy of the East India Company.
vessels. They however plundered a Bahrein trading vessel
before abandoning boats. Subsequently they attacked fort of Zobarah opposite Bahrein.
Appearance of Hugh Roue off Zobarah intimidated Beni Hajir, and prevented capture of place*,
which would have given them possession of boats and imperilled Bahrein. The Is!aim tribe
of Zobarah returning hastily from Pearl Banks and Bahrein attacked and severely defeated
Beni Hajir. An Agent of Governor of Lahsa reported to have accompanied and incited the
Beni Hajir. Danger to Bahrein from that tribe considered over for present. Her Majesty 's
steamer Magpie arrived Bahrein on 12th. It is important one Royal Navy vessel remains there
for present. Am requesting Senior Naval Otlicer accordingly, and beg Government instruc-
tim may also be given to that effect. Full particulars of occurrences submitted by post. In
structions in your message of 1-ith carried out."
14. In forwarding copy of this telegraphic correspondence to the Secretary
of State, the suggestion was made that—
the circumstances reported by Colonel Ross should be communicated to the Government
of the Sublime Porte through Her Majesty's Minister at Constantinople, who might be in
structed to represent that, if these tribes be under the authority of Turkey, they should be
restrained by the Government of the Sultan. If, however, Bahrein is attacked, action on the
part of the British authorities in repelling the tribe will not be delayed."
16. In a letter dated 12th September 1874, the Resident reported, in more
Pol. a., November 1874, No. 187. detail, the proceedings of the Beni liajir
and their defeat at Zobarah by the El
Nairn tribe, whose Chief was a kind of feudatory of the Sheikh of Bahrein
The more important portions of his letter relate to the alleged countenance
atforded them by Bazech, the Turkish Governor of A1 Hasa, in this raid : from
two independent sources it was reported that his Agent, one Nasir bin Juhr
bin Salim, had influenced and abetted the tribe in their lawless aggressions and
had accompanied them towards Zobarah. The Resident added— 4 ' Considerirg
the lawless nature of the object of the Beni Hajir, and their having engaged in
open piracy on the sea, it might be deemed advisable to enquire from the
Turkish Government as to the part taken by this Agent in the aggressive and
piratical proceeding reported."
About this item
- Content
The volume, stamped ‘Confidential’ on the front cover, is part 1 (historical and political materials) of a précis of Qatar (spelt Katar throughout) affairs for the years 1873 to 1904. It was prepared by Judge Jerome Antony Saldanha of the Bombay Provincial Civil Service, and published in 1904 by the Government of India Foreign Department, Simla, India.
The main subjects of the précis, which is comprised chiefly of extracts from Government correspondence, run as follows:
- Turkish movements in Qatar, 1873; Chief of Bahrain (spelt Bahrein throughout) advised to keep aloof from complications in Qatar, 1873;
- British intervention refused to Chief of Debai [Dubai] in case robberies committed against vessels of his subjects on Qatar coast, 1873;
- Threatened attack on Bahrain and Qatar (Zobarah [Zubara]) by the Bedouin tribes of Beni Hajir, 1874;
- Complaints of Turkey about Chief of Bahrain’s encroachments in Qatar, 1874;
- The Beni Hajir attack Zubara and commit piracies, 1875;
- Aggressive policy of the Turks and establishment of a new Turkish province on the Arabian littoral of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ;
- Plunder of a Bahrain boat by the Beni Hajir and an excessive contribution levied by the Chief of Bidaa [Al-Bidda] on British Indian traders residing there;
- Claims preferred by the Government of Basrah [Basra] on behalf of the inhabitants of Qatar against certain residents of Bahrain, 1876;
- Alleged ill-treatment of British Indian subjects, 1879;
- Piracies at Zubara – destruction of Zubara by Shaikh Jasim [Jāsim bin Muḥammad Āl Thānī], 1878;
- Ill-treatment of Indian traders, 1879;
- Question of suppression of piracies on the Arab coast. Claims of the Turks to Odeid [’Odaid] (1871-81); previous history of ’Odaid, 1837-76;
- History of ’Odaid continued, question of Turkish jurisdiction on the Qatar coast, and suppression of piracies, 1878-81;
- Removal of section of the Al-bu-Kowareh tribe from Al-Bidda to Foweyrat [Fujairat], 1879;
- Threatened attack on Bahrain by Nasir-bin-Mobarik [Nasir bin Mubarak] and Shaikh Jāsim of Al-Bidda, 1881;
- Shaikh Jāsim’s desire to occupy ’Odaid, 1881;
- Policy as to the relations to be maintained with Shaikh Jāsim and the Turkish Government in Qatar, 1881;
- Ill-treatment of British subjects by Shaikh Jāsim and exaction of a fine from him, 1880-82;
- Protest of the Porte against British proceedings at Al-Bidda. British disclaimer of Turkish jurisdiction in Qatar, 1883;
- Shaikh Jāsim’s projected expedition against a branch of the Beji Hajirs in 1884;
- Fight between the Ejman [Ajman] and allied tribes on one side and Morah and Monasir tribes on the other, 1884;
- Disputes between Shaikh Jāsim and the Chief of Abuthabi [Abu Dhabi], Jāsim’s intentions to occupy ’Odaid and the ill-treatment of Bedouins at Al-Bidda, 1885-86;
- Outrages against Indian subjects under Jāsim’s instigation, and Shaikh Jāsim made to pay a fine, 1887;
- Protests of the Porte against British Government proceedings, 1888;
- Question of withdrawal of the Turkish garrison from Al-Bidda;
- Turkish expansion along the Arab coast and the policy of the British Government, 1888;
- Hostilities between Shaikh Jāsim and Shaikh Zaid [Zayed bin Khalifa] of Abu Dhabi, reported movements of the Chief of Jabal Shamer Ibn Rashid towards Oman in order to aid Shaikh Jāsim, 1888-89;
- Jāsim carrying munitions of war by sea, 1889;
- Turkish project of rebuilding Zubara, 1888;
- Turkish measures for establishing their jurisdiction on a firmer basis on the Arab coast. Increase of Turkish forces in Qatar, 1888;
- Intrigues of Jāsim against Abu Dhabi, 1889-90;
- Turkish projects for rebuilding Zubara and ’Odaid, 1890-91;
- Hostilities between Shaikh Jāsim and the Turks, 1891-93;
- British policy towards Jāsim during the hostilities. Chief of Bahrain and Abu Dhabi, 1893;
- Question of Turkish jurisdiction in Qatar, 1893;
- Removal by Turkish authorities of the British flag from a boat at Al-Bidda, 1897;
- Occupation of Zubara by the Al-bin-Ali tribe with the support of the Turks and Shaikh Jāsim. Threatened attack of Bahrain, and the energetic measures taken to expel the settlement, 1895;
- Arab rising against the Turks in Qatar;
- Disturbances off the Qatar coast between the Amamera and Al-bin-Ali tribes, 1900;
- Piracies committed by the Beni Hajir off the Qatar coast, 1900;
- Reconsideration of our general policy on the Arab side of the Gulf;
- (1) Proposed British protectorate over the Chief of Qatar; (2) Aggressive action of the Porte in attempted to establish mudirates at ’Odaid, Wakra and Zubara, 1902-04.
The appendices are as follows:
- A. Memorandum on the causes of the hostility between Shaikh Zayed of Abu Dhabi and Shaikh Jāsim;
- B. Extract from Captain Daly’s draft letter to the address of the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , submitted for approval on 14 January 1901, relating to Qatar;
- C. Memorandum by Mr EC Block, dated 11 March 1903, about the Turkish claim over Qatar.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (46 folios)
- Arrangement
The contents of the précis are arranged in rough chronological order, and organised under a number of subheadings, with each paragraph numbered from 1 to 229. Three appendicies follow the main précis. There is a contents page at the front of the volume (f 5) which lists the subheadings with their corresponding paragraph numbers. The appendices are referenced using the volume’s pagination system.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence, with page numbers located top and centre of each page.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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‘Persian Gulf gazetteer. Part 1. Historical and political materials. Précis of Katar [Qatar] affairs, 1873-1904.’ [7v] (14/92), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C243, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023526379.0x000010> [accessed 19 September 2024]
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- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/20/C243
- Title
- ‘Persian Gulf gazetteer. Part 1. Historical and political materials. Précis of Katar [Qatar] affairs, 1873-1904.’
- Pages
- front, front-i, 2r:17r, 18r:45v, back-i, back
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence