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‘Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part 1. Historical and political materials. Precis of Turkish expansion on the Arab littoral of the Persian Gulf and Hasa [Al-Hasa] and Katif [Al-Qaṭīf] affairs.’ [‎136] (148/160)

The record is made up of 1 volume (80 folios). It was created in 1904. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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136
511. It was probably with this object in view that the Porte was anxious to
. -.-l m ■ i n-* - ascertain the exact terms of the relationship
Agreement with Trucial Chiefs communicated to . , rr , • i m • j" x i *ai
the Forte. m which the Truoial Chiefs stood with us.
512. The Turkish Ambassador in London in 1893 requested that he might
be furnished with the text of our treaties
Secret E., May 1893, N ob . 165-168. Arab o{ the p ersian Qulf.
It was thereupon decided by Her Majesty's Government that the text of the
agreements of 1892 with the Trucial Chiefs on the Pirate Coast of the Persian
Gulf should be communicated to the Turkish Government.
513. In 1899, we find the Arab coast of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. arousing an
Uneasy interest on Arabian affairs, 1899. Uneasy interest in Turkish circles. Hamdi
secret e., february 1900, nos. 40-41. Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. , the Vali of Basrah, was for pursu
ing an aggressive policy in Hasa and at Koweit, one of his schemes being the
extension of the telegraphic line from Eao to Katif, which would pass through
Koweit. An Irade was actually issued by the Sultan to carry out this project.
It was however given up by his successor Mohsin Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. .
613A. The Porte at this time appears to have been alarmed at the news of a
deputation of the Amir of Nejd being on
Secret E., February 1900, Nos. 40-41. itB w ay to the Khedive of Egypt, " with
presents and dangerous advice." The Vali of Basrah was ordered to be on the
look out for these messengers and to arrest them if found. What the Porte
probably feared was the extension of the British influence in Arabia from the
direction of Egypt.
513B. At an International Sanitary Conference held at Paris in 1894, it
was resolved, among other measures, to
establish certain sanitary posts in the
Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ^and to give certain powers to
the Sanitary Board at Constantinople, which the Turks soon utilized to extent
their influence in the Gulf.
Annexe III (ii) of the convention.
Sanitary posts to be established.
1. At Eao, or near this point, a large lazeretto on terra firma, with a
complete sanitary establishment having under its control the sanitary posts
in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. mentioned below :—
2. A small lazeretto in one of the two islets, Ottoman Selhiye or
Yilaniye, situated near Basrah, to supervise such individuals as may have
evaded the visit to Eao.
3. Maintenance of the sanitary post actually existing at Basrah.
4. Establishment of four sanitary posts in the Bay of Koweit.
5. Sanitary post at Menama, capital of the Bahrein Islands.
6. Sanitary post at Bander-Abbas.
7. Sanitary post at Bander Bouchir.
8. Sanitary post at Mohammerah.
9. Sanitary post in the port of Gwadur (Baluchistan).
10. Sanitary post in the port of Maskat (on the Oman Coast).
513-0. There were also made regulations, which would give occasion for
vexatious interference with the British
ibid No. 27. Indian commerce. The Eoreign Office
therefore refused to accept the arrangements proposed for the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
513-D. The Government of India, who were asked to state their opinion
after consulting the British Officers and
firms in the Gulf, expressed the fol
lowing views in there Despatch No. 22 (Secret), dated 3rd January 1895 :—
" For some time past a quarantine station has existed at Fao, and, as the information in
our possession shows, under cover of quarantine and customs regulations, Turkish officials are
enabled to board Indian native craft bound to and coming from Mohammerab and to levy

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Content

Part 1 of a Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. gazetteer of historical and political materials, a précis of Turkish expansion on the Arab littoral of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , and Hasa [Al-Hasa] and Katif [Al-Qaṭīf] affairs. The précis was prepared by Jerome Antony Saldanha, whose preface (under which his surname is erroneously spelt Saldana) is dated 25 November 1904, and published by the Government of India Foreign Deptartment, Simla, India.

The preface is an historical outline of the struggle for political dominance in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , including Portuguese, British, Wahabi [ Wahhābī A follower of the Islamic reform movement known as Wahhabism; also used to refer to the people and territories ruled by the Al-Saud family. ] and Turkish expansion. The chapters (titles shown in italics) deal with the subject in an roughly chronological fashion:

1. Early history of Hasa and Katif , including: references to the area in Arabic writing; the first known Arab colonists; and early references to the area in British (East India Company) records;

2. Conquest of Hasa by the Wahabis and Turkish expeditions into Nejd [Najd] and Hasa, and their results 1800-1865 , including: conquest of the area by the Wahabis; Turkish expeditions to the area, 1811-19 and 1836-40; Amir Feysal’s [Fayṣal ibn Turki Āl Sa‘ūd] nominal dependence on Turkey, 1855; troubles in Katif, 1859-62; Turkish protest against British proceedings at Damaum [Dammām], 1862; the British war against Amir Feysal, 1865-66; obsolete title of award of Arabia by an Abbasid caliph to the Ottoman Porte; Ottoman ambitions in Arabia (Holy Ottoman Empire);

3. Turkish expedition to Nejd and Hasa, 1871-72 , including: origins of the expedition; intelligence from the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. , Colonel Lewis Pelly; British policy in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , and effects of the Turkish expedition on that policy; Turkish assurances to Britain, communicated to Bahrain (spelt Bahrein throughout) by Pelly; Turkish promise of non-interference with the rulers of the Trucial coast A name used by Britain from the nineteenth century to 1971 to refer to the present-day United Arab Emirates. ; narrative of the events leading up to and including the landing of the expeditionary force in Nejd; Turkish designs on Katar [Qatar], and their hoisting of the Turkish flag at Budaa [Al-Bidda]; Turkish naval activity in the Gulf, and Britain’s naval response; murder of a suspected Turkish messenger at Bahrain; reasons for the non-interference of the British Government in operations on land; further narrative of the expedition and affairs in Nejd; evidence of Turkish designs on Bahrain; Turkish assurances; relations between Turkey and Abuthabi [Abu Dhabi]; close of the Turkish expedition;

4. Internal affairs of Hasa and Katif, 1872-1904 , including: administration and internal organisation; and a list of governors at Hasa, including events of significance occurring during their rule;

5. Survey of the Katif coast, 1873-74 , including: British intentions and permission gained from the Ottoman Porte; complaints of British survey officers landing on the Nejd coast; written permission to land to undertake surveying.

6. Increase of Turkish military and naval forces in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , and Turkish policy , including: a memorandum by Captain T Doughty on the state of affairs in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. ;

7. (1) Trade Relations of Hindu and other traders of Bahrain with Katif, and their disabilities , and (2) Proposal appointment of a consular officer at Katif ;

8. Piracies , including: piracies in Katif and Bahrain waters, 1878; ; revolt in Hasa and piracies in Katif and Bahrain waters, 1878-81; Turkish responsibilities and jurisdiction for the purpose of suppressing piracies in Katif waters, 1878-81; piracies in Katif and Bahrain waters in 1883; piracies in Katif and Bahrain waters in 1886; piracies in 1887-88; piracies in 1891-92; piracies in 1899-1900; piracies in 1902 and the proposal of the Chief of Bahrain to maintain an armed dhow A term adopted by British officials to refer to local sailing vessels in the western Indian Ocean. for the pursuit of pirates, 1902-03;

9. Murder of Sheikh Selman-bin-Diaij-el-Khalifa [Shaikh Salman bin Diaj Āl Khalīfah] , a cousin of the Chief of Bahrain and his party about 40 miles south of Katif. Question of satisfaction and compensation for it ;

10. Turkish designs on Oman and the rest of the East Arabian Littoral, 1888-1899 ;

11. Summary of British declarations against Turkish encroachments in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. and of the Porte’s assurances, 1871-1904 .

The cover of volume, on which the title is printed, also has a number of different pencil and pen annotations, marking former external references or numbering systems (‘P.2557/29’, ‘No.5’, ‘C238’).

Extent and format
1 volume (80 folios)
Arrangement

The volume is arranged into eleven chapters, preceded by a preface. Each chapter is organised by subheadings, and its paragraphs numbered. The paragraph numbers are continuous throughout the whole volume, beginning on 1 at the start of the first chapter, and ending on 553/553A at the end of the eleventh chapter. A contents page at the front of the volume (ff.4-5) lists the chapters by their headings and subheadings, with each referring to paragraph, rather than page, numbers.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the front cover, and terminates at the inside back cover; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right hand corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.

Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence, with page numbers located top and centre of each page.

Written in
English in Latin script
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‘Persian Gulf Gazetteer. Part 1. Historical and political materials. Precis of Turkish expansion on the Arab littoral of the Persian Gulf and Hasa [Al-Hasa] and Katif [Al-Qaṭīf] affairs.’ [‎136] (148/160), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/20/C238, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023514031.0x000096> [accessed 9 February 2025]

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