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'File 19/175 Bahrain - Pearling' [‎41r] (80/83)

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The record is made up of 1 volume (41 folios). It was created in 17 Feb 1924-30 Jul 1936. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

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Peraonsl Note.
~ a-
,Vith regard to the terms of service of the Bahrain pearl
divers, there vvas one procedure which struck me as perhaps
verging on slavery or indentured labour, as follows :
2. A» with a diver in his employ, who owes him R8 ,50/- is
himself indebted to B for Ra.lOO/- A can transfer the divert
services to B until the diver has worked off the debt of
Rs« 50/-
But Mr.Belgrave ejcplains that this is only possible
under the following conditions
1. B must own diving boats, i.e. be in a position to
emplcry and pay divers.
2. If the diver refuses to have his services transferred
to B he cannot be forced to work for B by the Court,
A can however,as in any other country, sue the diver
for debt in the Bahrain Court who would give a decree
if they find the claim proved. The procedure then is
for the court to issue a "Barva" (document) to the
diver to the effect that he can dive for khom he pleases
but that the new nakhuda with whom he works must pay
into the court a percentage of the divert earnings
which goes towards liquidating the diver's debt to
his original nakhuda.
In practice in such circumstances divers generally prefer
to work with B as they are then sure of finding employment.
Id. T.G.P.

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Content

This file contains correspondence related to the pearling industry of Bahrain and the reforms of the industry that were enacted by the British during the 1920s.

The correspondence discusses the status of the industry prior to the reforms, the nature of the relationship between the ship captains (Nakudas) and the pearl divers and the impact of the reforms - especially their positive impact on the condition of the divers.

An example of a Nakuda's general account is included on folio 16.

Extent and format
1 volume (41 folios)
Arrangement

File is arranged in chronological order, from earliest at beginning of the file to most recent at end.

Physical characteristics

There is one incomplete foliation sequence and one complete foliation sequence. The complete foliation sequence is circled in pencil, in the top corner of each folio. It begins on the front cover, on number 1, and runs through to 42, ending on the inside of the back cover of the volume.

Written in
English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script
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'File 19/175 Bahrain - Pearling' [‎41r] (80/83), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/349, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023509932.0x000051> [accessed 23 March 2025]

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