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'Handbook of Mesopotamia. Vol. I. 1918' [35] (44/568)
The record is made up of 1 volume (282 folios). It was created in 1918. It was written in English, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Armenian, Kurdish and Syriac. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
©
CLIMATE 35
To the south of the junction of the two rivers at Kurna the climate
becomes very damp as well as hot, and heavy dews are of frequent
occurrence, the conditions approximating to those of the Persian
V * a 1 sra ' a statin where meteorological observations were
made for eleven years before the war, represents this portion of the
country, while some observations made during four months in the
summer of 1885 at Mohammareh are also available.
Temperature (Tables I to VII, pp. 44-9)
In lower Mesopotamia the mean temperature ranges from 47° F
in January to 95° R in July, while at Baghdad and Basra the range
is somewhat less. December, January, and February are the coldest
months; from March onwards the temperature rises steadily at
the rate of about 10 F. per month until June. June, July, and
ugiist ar e the hottest months of the year, the maximum usually
lalling in July or August.
As is to be expected in this semi-arid region, the maximum tem-
? e ^no r ^ S ? re Ver y The mean daily maximum is from 57° F
^ ua a ln 1 Jar T7' and rises to 1100 F - and 111° F. in August at
Baghdad and Babylon, and to 104° F. at Basra. The mean monthly
maximum temperature for August is considerably higher being
119-5 F. at Baghdad, while the highest temperatures which had
been recorded at these four stations up to 1914 are 121-3° F at
Babylon and 121-0° F. at Baghdad in August. While such high
temperatures are annually experienced in the summer, frost occurs
occasionally in December, January, and February. The mean
monthly ^minimum temperature in January is 27-5° F. for Baghdad
and 26-1 F. at Babylon, while the lowest temperatures which had
been recorded before 1914 are 18-6° F. for Baghdad and 18-9° F for
Babylon.
The extreme annual range of temperature is hardly so great as in
upper Mesopotamia, although the maximum in August is higher
since the minimum in January is not nearly so low as, for instance'
at Diarbekr. '
Place.
Highest
Temperature
recorded. 0 F.
Month,
Lowest
Temperature
recorded, 0 F.
Month.
Range.
0 F.
Baghdad
Babylon
Basra .
121-0
121-3
114*4
August
July
18.6
18-9
23-7
December
January
102.4
102-4
90-7
c 2
/
About this item
- Content
This volume is A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume I, General (Naval Staff, Intelligence Department: November 1918). This is an updated and expanded edition of A Handbook of Mesopotamia, Volume I, General (Admiralty War Staff, Intelligence Department: August 1916) (IOR/L/MIL17/15/41/1). This is an introductory volume containing matter of a general nature giving an account of conditions in Mesopotamia, for the most part as they were before the First World War.
The volume includes a note on official use, a title page and 'Note'. There is a page of 'Contents' that includes the following chapters and sections:
- Chapter 1: Boundaries and Physical Features;
- Chapter 2: Climate;
- Chapter 3: Minerals;
- Chapter 4: Fauna and Flora;
- Chapter 5: Hygiene;
- Chapter 6: History;
- Chapter 7: Inhabitants;
- Chapter 8: Religions;
- Chapter 9: Administration;
- Chapter 10: Irrigation of Irak [Iraq];
- Chapter 11: Agriculture and Land Tenure;
- Chapter 12: Commerce and Industry;
- Chapter 13: Currency, Weights, and Measures;
- Chapter 14: Communications and Transport;
- Vocabularies;
- Index.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (282 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume is arranged in numbered chapters. There is a contents page and an alphabetically arranged index.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The foliation sequence commences at the first folio and terminates at the last folio; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. of the folio.
Pagination: The volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence.
- Written in
- English, Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Armenian, Kurdish and Syriac in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/41/2
- Title
- 'Handbook of Mesopotamia. Vol. I. 1918'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:i-v, 1:556, ii-r:ii-v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence