'File 9/9 Bahrain Reforms. Bahrain Water Supply' [29r] (75/261)
The record is made up of 1 volume (118 folios). It was created in 16 Jul 1921-7 Jan 1927. It was written in English and Arabic. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
2,
.low th# imhabitiiats to purchast a ptrc«}itagt of th« shar
)stacl« to this was Shaik JCsa^who was knowm to "bt agaiast
LMOvatiom.lt was propostd to wia his comsent by offtrimg
yalty om the water,which was to be soldo
I* this autum* of 1922 Major Holmes was fr@
hrai]i # i* co*aectiom with the oil comcessioM he was aegot:
HassaoSome of the members of the Municipality,principal
img the secretary Kha* Bahadur Muliaiumad Sharif, asked me
m as to th® possibility of a water scheme o» the liaes ii
tempts to get other firms to put forward proposals haviag
iledo I consulted the Political R®side*t om the matter,wi
the geaeral liM ©SeIa this coamectioM I would mow quote f
tter No 20/C dated 28/1/23 to the Political ResideMt.
may be Moted here that th© megotiatioMs described therei
nee some sevea moaths before the questioM of the BahraiM
ssiom arose-the first mews of which was heard isi Jum@ I9<
Extracts from letter No 20/C dated 28/1/25 from the
•Mt BalnraiM to the HoM f bl® the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
,Bushii:
I send herewith for your iMformatioM a traMsalatioM ol t
miMutes of a Municipal MeetiMg receMtly held ,tais ;eM from
minute book which is maiMtaiMea iM the Municipal office,
XXX X X X X X X X
Items II & III, (Water scheme & electric power)
Sver sinces I hav@ been h«re the Municipal Council have pr
bo help to make arrangements to get some reliable company
&d in this matterhave endeavoured to do so with indiff
success o Several companies have discussed the matter but
Inclined to really take it up,& either have not the exper
iisinclined to send them to Bahrain to go into the questi
vater supply. Recently I took advantage of the visit of M
who as you know,has concluded business arrangements with
Df Najd^to take his opinionoHe is fairly certain that wat
be got by sinking artesian wells almost anyvhere on the i
It would be necessary to make tests first 0 1 asked if any
panies he represents would be willing to make the tests a -
Dwn expense with a view t if sucessful^ to starting a compait;
supply of electric power <Sc drinking water for Manameh.Afti
leal of persuasion he agreed to put the matter lavourably
the trust syndicate which he represents & thought that he
probably induce them to send out an extra engineer,if the;
joing on with their schemes on the mainland.This appears ]
the case,& it would seem an unique opportunity to get the
seriously gone into with prospects of good results, i
I put the matter before the Municipal meeting
)f which were unanimously in favour of Mr Holmes being as3
indeavour to get the scheme taken up, 1 pointed out,how@v<
should be disinclined to ask him to suggest to any compan;
should send an expert & go to the expense ol experimentini
■re could assure him that if ajftecian wells be found to be
2,
Llow tht iithabitaats to purchas# a p«rc«*tag« of th« shares, Th«
ostaclt to this was Shaik JDsa # who was kmow* to b® agaiast a*y such
i*ovatiom.It was proposed to wiM his comsemt by offering him a
)yalty o* the water,which was to be sold,
I* the autum* of 1922 Major Holmes was frequently im
ihraiMji* co*aectio* with the oil comcessioM he was megotiatiag for
i Hassa^Some of the members of the Municipality,priacipal among them
ling the secretary Khan Bahadur Muhammad Sharif, asked me to consult
.m as to th® possibility of a water scheme on the lines indicated,
itempts to get other firms to put forward proposals having sa far
died, I consulted the Political Kesident on the matter,who approved
' the general lines e In this coanection I would now quote from my
itter Ho 20/C dated 28/1/23 to the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
.
- may be noted here that the negotiations described therein took
.ace some seveM months before the question of th® Bahrain Oil con-
(ssion arose-th® first news of which was heard is Jun® 1923 0
Extracts from letter No 20/C dated 28 /i /25 from the Political
:ent Bahrain to the Kon'bl® the
Political Resident
A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency.
jBushirec
1 I send herewith for your information a trans^lation of the
minutes of a Municipal Meeting recently held,taken from th®
minute book which is maintained in the Municipal offic®.
XXX XXXXXXXX
Items II & III. (Water scheme & electric power)
Ever sinc^i I have besn h«re the Municipal Council have pressed me
to help to make arrangements to get some reliable company interest
ed in this matterol have endeavoured to do so with indifferent
success. Several companies have discussed the matter but seem dis
inclined to really take it up,& either have not the experts or are
disinclined to send them to Bahrain to go into the question of
water supply» Recently I took advantage of the visit of Major Holmes
who as you know,has concluded business arrangements with the Sultan
of Najd^to take his opinion.He is fairly certain that water could
be got by sinking artesian wells almost anywhere on the island,but
it would be necessary to make tests first.I asked if any of thfc com
panies h® represents would be willing to make the tests at their
own expense with a view t if sucessful # to starting a company for
supply of electric power & drinking water for Manameh.After a good
deal of persuasion he agreed to put the matter ravourably before
the trust syndicate which he represents & thought that he could
probably induce them to send out an extra engineer,if they were
going on with th«ir schemes on the mainland.This appears now to oe
the case,<&: it would seem an unique opportunity to get the matter
seriously gone into with prospects of good results, i
I put the matt®r before the Municipal meeting the members
of which were unanimously in favour of Mr Holmes being asked to
endeavour to get the scheme taken up. 1 pointed out,however,that 1
should be disinclined to ask him to suggest to any company that they
should send an expert & go to the expense of experimenting unless
we could assure him that if aj?teijian wells be found to be practicabi
About this item
- Content
The volume contains correspondence, copies of contracts and other items related to the sinking of water wells in Bahrain, and the institution of a municipal water supply to the districts of Manama and Muharraq. The principal correspondents in the file are the Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. at Bahrain (Major Clive Daly until September 1926, Lieutenant-Colonel Cyril Barrett thereafter), Major Frank Holmes, representative of the Eastern and General Syndicate Limited, F. Madgwick, geologist, and Shaikh Ḥamad bin ‘Īsá Āl Khalīfah, deputy ruler of Bahrain.
After the forced abdication of Shaikh ‘Īsá bin ‘Alī Āl Khalīfah in 1923, public works projects in Bahrain, such as the sinking of artesian wells for the municipal water supply, were able to go ahead under the instigation of Shaikh Ḥamad (folios 28-30). The Eastern and General Syndicate Limited (London), represented by Major Frank Holmes, was awarded the contract to sink two wells in Manama and Muharraq to depths of 600 feet, in search of fresh water. The total expected cost of this first phase was 100,000 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. (folio 5). A total of 300,000 rupees Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf. had been set aside by the Bahrain Government for the implementation of a water supply in Bahrain (folio 76). The Manama well struck good-quality water at 200 feet, and although Shaikh Ḥamad was keen to continue drilling to 600 feet, Holmes convinced the Shaikh against further drilling (folios 63-68). In the wake of the first two wells, water tanks capable of holding thirty tonnes of water were installed, and new contracts between Holmes and the Bahrain Government drawn up for the sinking of a further twelve wells, with the installation of the necessary pipework and tanks (folios 79-80, 82-83).
A minor diplomatic incident was avoided when, in December 1924, the Baghdad Times reported that Holmes was travelling to Bahrain with drilling equipment. The Secretary of State for the Colonies wrote to the Resident, reminding him to in turn remind Shaikh Ḥamad that the British Government recognised the Anglo-Persian Oil Company's exclusive right to negotiate concessions for the exploratory drilling of oil in Bahrain (folio 39). The Resident replied to the High Commissioner in Baghdad that Holmes was interested only in sinking wells for water (folio 42). A later disagreement in 1927 arose between Holmes and the Bahrain merchant Khalil Kanoo, over the sinking of water wells in Bahrain. Holmes, who had by this point signed a concession to drill for oil in the state, objected to Kanoo's proposals to sink his own water wells in Manama (folios 108-14).
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (118 folios)
- Arrangement
The contents of the volume have been arranged in an approximate chronological order, running from the earliest items at the front of the volume to the latest at the rear.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: The volume is foliated from the front cover to the inside back cover, using circled pencil notes in the top-right corner (but in some cases the top-centre) of each recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. . The following foliation anomalies occur: 1A-1F, 81A, 81B, 84A, 84B, 111A, 111B.
The following folios are fold-outs: folios 2, 4, 5, 14, 15, 23, 28-30, 32-34, 36, 37, 49-54, 70, 76, 90, 94, 104, 116.
- Written in
- English and Arabic in Latin and Arabic script View the complete information for this record
Use and share this item
- Share this item
'File 9/9 Bahrain Reforms. Bahrain Water Supply' [29r] (75/261), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/2/136, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023034593.0x000049> [accessed 5 January 2025]
https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023034593.0x000049
Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.
<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023034593.0x000049">'File 9/9 Bahrain Reforms. Bahrain Water Supply' [‎29r] (75/261)</a> <a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023034593.0x000049"> <img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x000367/IOR_R_15_2_136_0080.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" /> </a>
This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x000367/manifestOpen in Universal viewerOpen in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images
Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/R/15/2/136
- Title
- 'File 9/9 Bahrain Reforms. Bahrain Water Supply'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 1br:1fv, 2v:7v, 10v, 13r:14v, 15v:16v, 17v:20v, 24v:44v, 47r:48v, 49v:50v, 51v:53v, 54v:62v, 69v:80v, 81ar:81bv, 82r:83v, 84ar:84bv, 85r:87v, 88v:91v, 93v:94r, 95r:99v, 101v:103v, 104v:105v, 106v:108v, 110r:110v, 111ar:111bv, 113r:121v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence