'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎328] (399/905)

328
RIVERS OF KASTAMUNI.
[CHAP. XIV.
ments at the Porte, with reference to the late contest with
Muhammed Ali, the Mussellim of Kastamuni and his de
pendencies are placed under the pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. of Angora. Previ
ously, the territory of the latter (the Enkuri of the Turks)
had the Halys on the east, Kastamuni and Boli on the north,
Sultan Ohi on the west, and the district of Koniyeh on the
south ; but, with Kastamum, the pashalik now comprises
Paphlagonia, in addition to the western part of ancient
Galatia.
Mountains The central and southern parts of the territory are moun
tainous, having, in the former, the Ulguz and Ala Tagh, the
abutments of the northern Taurus; and, in the latter, the
numerous branches of the Ishik Tagh, which spread south
ward along the western side of the capital into the Kurdish
district of Hai'maneh, and also along the eastern side through
Hasan O'ghlan, into the district of Tabanli.
andrivers of North-eastward of the capital the district is watered by
the rivers Changri, Tunai, and Devrek, or Doros, which last
flows eastward through Tosiyah into the Halys, near the
borders of Kastamuni. 1 Within the latter district, a little
farther northward, is the Kara-su or Gok Irmak, which
receives the river Dadahi at six miles below the capital, and
then flows eastward by Tash Kopri and Boi-abad into the
Halys; 2 and, also, the Kirketchit-chai (the ancient Evar-
chus), which, from its springs about 12 miles north of Boi-
abad, takes a N.N. easterly course, and falls into the Black
Sea, after receiving, a few miles from thence, the Kaboular-
chai', which comes from the west.
Southward of Angora are some streams running into the
Halys; the western side of the territory is watered by the
Enkun-su and some other affluents of the Sakariyah, whilst to
the north and west are those of the Filiyas and Bartan. It
has just been shown that the geography of the former is
different from that which has been hitherto represented in
the best maps; and this is likewise the case with the latter
river.
1 See above, page 5.
2 Ibid., pages 5 and 6.