"سرد لرحلة إلى موقع مدينة بابل في ١٨١١، طُبعت الآن لأول مرة: مذكرات على الأطلال؛ مع نقوش من الخرائط المدبئية للمؤلف: ملاحظات على طبوغرافية بابل القديمة،بقلم الرائد رينيل؛ في إشارة إلى المذكرات: مذكرات ثانية على الأطلال؛ في إشارة إلى ملاحظات الرائد رينيل: مع سرد لرحلة إلى برسبوليس: طُبعت الآن لأول مرة، مع كتابات مسمارية نسخت في برسبوليس ولم تُنشر من قبل: كتبها الراحل كلوديوس جيمس ريتش، المحترم، المقيم البريطاني السابق لشركة الهند الشرقية في بغداد. حررته أرملته." [‎١‎١‎٨] (٤٧٤/٢٠٦)

118
ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF
present ruined state, it is 2111 feet, by Mr. Rich's
account, page 88,) perhaps Herodotus and others
contented themselves with that result, and
that the sides were equal.*
With respect to the coffins and skeletons found in
the kind of gallery that runs along its northern face,
I confess I have no opinion to offer. It is possible
that the coffins may not be of a very early date, but
that the gallery or passage of the Tower had been
converted into a place of sepulture. (See the Me
moir, pages 70 and 71.)
The two straight mounds of earth running parallel
to each other, towards the middle part of the circular
inclosure, are also, no doubt, of a later date than that
of Ancient Babylon. Their use it may be difficult to
discover, unless they were dams to prevent inunda
tions of the river, if ever it took its course in that
direction. The termination of one of them in a vast
heap, of a curious red colour, will be spoken of after
wards.
I shall next consider the position of the remains,
which may be taken for those of the palaces; first
stating what has been said on the subject by the
ancients.
Herodotus describes only palace; Diodorus,
* See the Memoir of Mr. Rich, pages 68 and 88. The base must
confessedly be larger now than in its original state, and yet it is no
more in circumference than 2111 English feet: consequently, in its
•present state, it would give no more than 528 English feet to the
stade ; and probably, in its perfect state, less than 500. The stade
of Strabo was about 530.