Persian Gulf Affairs [‎449r] (17/46)

Content

This item comprises copies of enclosures to a despatch from the Government of Bombay From c. 1668-1858, the East India Company’s administration in the city of Bombay [Mumbai] and western India. From 1858-1947, a subdivision of the British Raj. It was responsible for British relations with the Gulf and Red Sea regions. [Mumbai] Secret Department to the Secret Committee Pre-1784, the Committee responsible for protecting East India Company shipping. Post-1784, its main role was to transmit communications between the Board of Control and the Company's Indian governments on matters requiring secrecy. , Number 77 of 1847, dated 4 September 1847. The enclosures are dated 26 July 1847 (although some internal copy documents date back to 1 April 1847).

The primary documents are two letters from Lieutenant Arnold Burrowes Kemball, Acting Political Agent A mid-ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Agency. in Turkish Arabia A term used by the British officials to describe the territory roughly corresponding to, but not coextensive with, modern-day Iraq under the control of the Ottoman Empire. and Consul in Baghdad, to the Secretary to the Government of India (via Bombay), enclosing his recent letters to Lord Cowley [Henry Wellesley, 1st Earl Cowley, known as Lord Cowley 1847-1857], HM Minister Plenipotentiary at Constantinople [Istanbul, Ottoman Empire], and related correspondence.

The subjects covered notably include:

• Powers possessed by British cruisers to act against ‘piracy’ in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. under particular circumstances, including a summary of British relations with the Arab Maritime chiefs and the 1820 General Treaty with the Arab Tribes of the Persian Gulf An agreement made in 1820 between Britain and ten tribal rulers of the eastern Arabian coast, often seen as marking the start of 150 years of British hegemony in the region. ; the tacit endorsement of the Shah of Persia [Iran] and Governor of Fars of British policing of the Gulf against ‘lawlessness’ detrimentally affecting commercial traffic; and Hennell’s annoyance with Rawlinson for raising a point of international law with the Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs that could threaten the continuance of the policing policy
• The activities of Turkish [Ottoman] functionaries in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , notably a letter from Mahomed Khoorshid [Mehmed Hurshid Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. ], Governor of Bussorah [Basra], to Sheikh Mahomed bin Khuleefa, [Shaikh Muḥammad bin Khalīfah Āl Khalīfah, Shaikh of Bahrain], 1 April 1847, implying the submission of the latter’s ships to the Porte [Ottoman Empire]; and denial of such a policy by Nejib Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. [Mehmed Necib Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. also known as Muhammad Najib Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. ], Governor of Baghdad
• The Porte’s instruction to Nejib Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. to give up to British cruisers any enslaved people landed from Turkish vessels, and Kemball’s concerns that some of the freed ‘slaves’ may be influenced to remain in Turkey and risk further subjugation and exploitation.

Extent and format

1 item (23 folios)

Arrangement

There is an abstract of contents of the despatch, numbered 1-4, on folio 442- These numbers are repeated for reference on the verso The back of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'v'. of the last folio of each enclosure.

Written in

English and French in Latin script

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