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Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain' [428v] (869/1062)
The record is made up of 1 file in 3 parts (519 folios). It was created in 25 May 1934-23 Sep 1948. It was written in English and French. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
2
i? e . 5 r ‘s ■‘es
of Persia. „ . , r. i -i? . rr . n w ii] inform your Government that
2. In reply, I shall be grateful i > - grounds upon which the
His Majesty’s Government are n°t aware^ I 5 ^ ^ islands i s or can be
claim of the Persian Government to so\c o-. of p ers i aj n0 r are the
based. Geographically, the elands are ^ ment are aware that during
inhabitants of Persian race. ’ r „ dur i na the latter part of the
part of the 17th century and or .^Xpkd bv Persrnn troops, or by the
18th century Bahrein was “f.^Xres of the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
; but it
followers of certain chiefs from t j ^33 government of the
appears to be established that m or about yv asioI1 of Arab tribes under the
Shah were dispossessed of the islands t s heikh, and that since that
leadership of the direct hneai ances o P^ er ^ e g ec tive control of Persia.
date the islands have never at am ^ various occasions alleged that their
3. The Persian Government have on Majesty’s Govern-
a. -">
declare this statement to be entirely inadmissibi . Government and the
4 The special treaty relations between His Majesty s '- ' r v r el1 f T ,, ,
* • nf Bahrein to which reference is made m the treaty ot Jeoaan,
successive Sheikhs ot BaUrem, to _ prltlirv t } ie fi rs t in the series of under-
have now been in existence for more than a century tpenrsw d . q the vear
takings by which those been C o nc i uded on tlfe basis that the
1820. The agreements have throughout been co Government do not
Sheikh of Bahrein is an independent ruler. Hs t „ ^ hich has from time to
deny that the claim to mdepenuence 0 , ' , 1 : T; narticular in the
time been contested by the Government of the In your note,
discussions which took place m 1 G t Pnvprm-nent are under a complete
I desire, however, p. ^ip^’from^tonns of the communication made by the
Gr?fffoTctr!ndo? o Se S Persian Minister on the 29th April, 1869 that any
late Karl ol L „ ,P ; A, tbp Persian claims to sovereignty m Bahrein was
3“ time 1 ; itended In that note it was stated that Her Majesty’s Government
had g veTdue con^deration to the protest of the Persian Government ‘ gainst
fw I'rLn risrht of sovereignty over Bahrein being ignored by the Britisn
authorities ” but it in no wav admitted any such right. On the conti ary, m
whole tenor of the note should'have made it clear that Her Majesty’s Government
mMutainfd their ri^ht to enter into direct treaty relations with the Sheikhs of
Bahrein as independent rulers; and while at the same time it indicated that Her
Maiesty’s Government would gladly transfer to Persia, if she were able and
wit fno- to perform them, certain duties in the
Persian Gulf
The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran.
towards the
performance*of which the treaty relations in question contributed, and offered,
v ; ew 0 f the friendly feelings entertained by Her Majesty s Government towards
Persia! to cause the Persian Government to be informed beforehand, when
practicable, of any measure of coercion which the conduct oi the sheikhs
have rendered necessary, it is evident that no recognition ot Jie validity of the
Persian protest or of the Persian claim to suzerainty, was thereby intended or
implied * The note, in fact, as the Persian Legation at Constantinople was
reminded in December 1871 by Sir Henry Elliott, then Her Majesty s Ambassador
in Turkey contains nothing more than an acknowledgment that the Persian claim
to suzerainty had previously been made. The numerous supplementary agree
ments entered into between the British Government and the rulers of Bahrein
between 1869 and the present day have equally proceeded on the assumption that
a claim to sovereignty in Bahrein on the part either V?, 1 * 1 ®
Shah' or of the Turkish Government could not possibly be admitted by His
Maiestv’s Government. . . . ,- n
1 r. ‘ The attitude of His Majesty’s Government towards this question was still
more clearly defined when in the year 1906 His Majesty's Minister at Tehran, on
mv predecessor’s instructions, addressed to the Persian Government a note stating
tb* t “ His Maiesty’s Government have never admitted the ownership or
sovereignty of Persia over Bahrein, and such a claim is in their view, entirely
inadmissible. His Majesty’s Government consider the Island of Bahrein and its
About this item
- Content
The file concerns the claim of the Government of Iran (generally referred to as the Government of Persia) to territorial sovereignty over Bahrein [Bahrain].
The papers include: the Iranian claim in the light of the Bahrain oil concession; representations by the Government of Iran to the League of Nations, and the involvement of League in the dispute; summary of diplomatic correspondence, 1927-29 (folios 506-511); India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 14 July 1934 - a historical summary of the political status of Bahrain, and Persian claims to sovereignty; the submission of the question by the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. to the Law Officers of the Crown, 1934 (folios 466-472), and the report of the Law Officers of the Crown (folios 400-403), stating their opinion that Persia had no rights of sovereignty or suzerainty over Bahrain; the view of the Foreign Office (subsequently adopted) that references in public pronouncements to the independence of Bahrain needed to be qualified by the statement that the ruler was 'in special treaty relations with His Majesty's Government' (folios 378-380); the status of Tamb and Abu Musa (folio 361); the imposition of Iranian import duty on aviation oil supplied to Bahrain (folios 315-316); the views of the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. on the dangers of submitting the question to international arbitration (folios 308-314); similarities to the dispute between the United States of America (USA) and the Netherlands over Palmas Island [Miangas or Palmas, Indonesia] (e.g. folios 306-307); the views of the Government of Saudi Arabia (folios 268-270); the issue of passports and visas; transcripts of articles in support of the Iranian position in the Iranian and Arabic language press; the effect of the Bahrain nationality and property laws; Italian propaganda in support of the Iranian claim (folio 243); comparison with the Falkland Islands (folio 210); the refusal of the Iranian postal authorities to accept mails from Bahrain (folio 186); the involvement of the United Nations Organisation; Foreign Office 'Memorandum on Bahrein', dated 13 January 1947, substantially based on the India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. 'Historical Memorandum on Bahrein' of 1934 (folios 97-126); Soviet propaganda over Bahrain (folio 57); the presence in Tehran of a person claiming to represent the Bahrain National Party (folios 50-54); and correspondence dated 1948 concerning the size and position of the Persian community in Bahrain, including a letter on the subject from Charles Dalrymple Belgrave, Adviser to the Government of Bahrain (folios 25-37).
The file contains significant correspondence from the Foreign Office, HM Minister, Tehran (later the British Ambassador to Tehran), and the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. .
The French language content of the file consists of approximately thirty folios of diplomatic correspondence and newspaper extracts.
The file also contains copies of earlier correspondence, dated 1927-31.
The file includes a divider, which gives a list of correspondence references contained in the file by year. This is placed at the back of the correspondence.
- Extent and format
- 1 file in 3 parts (519 folios)
- Arrangement
The papers are arranged in approximate chronological order from the rear to the front of the file.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: this file consists of three physical parts. The foliation sequence commences at the front cover of part one with 1, and terminates at the inside back cover of part three with 525; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. An additional foliation sequence is present in parallel between ff 2-524; these numbers are printed, but are not circled.
- Written in
- English and French in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain' [428v] (869/1062), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/PS/12/3810, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100059426987.0x000046> [accessed 7 April 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/PS/12/3810
- Title
- Coll 30/90 'Persian claim to the island of Bahrain'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:29v, 38r:50v, 53r:117v, 118v, 121v:122v, 126r:149v, 152r:166v, 169v:177v, back-i, front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 180r:197v, 199r:209v, 210v, 211v:221v, 223r:227v, 230r:231v, 233v:234v, 235v, 235r, 236r:238v, 240r:240v, 242r:245v, 247r:248v, 250r:251v, 255r:257v, 262r:272v, 274r:276v, 280r:280v, 282v:294v, 295v:345v, 348r:350v, back-i, front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 353r:374v, 378r:394v, 396r:424v, 427r:427v, 428v, 431v:433v, 440r:443v, 445r:446v, 448r:450v, 452r:454v, 457r:494r, 496r:501v, 509v:513v, 515r:518v, 520r:524v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence