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'A handbook of Syria (including Palestine). London: Naval Staff Intelligence Department, June 1919' [19v] (43/738)
The record is made up of 1 volume (365 folios). It was created in 1919. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
34
CLIMATE
Lake Tiberias mid-April is the time of high water—mean
levels are said to be reached in February and July. In the
Dead Sea the highest level seems to be in February or March.
Conclusion
The mountains arrest the westerly winds blowing from the
Mediterranean with the result that precipitation is greater on
the western than on the eastern slopes. Hence it follows that
springs on the eastern side are fewer and cultivation is con
fined to isolated areas. As the rainfall drains off with great
rapidity the beds of the streams quickly dry up after the
rainy season. It ‘has been held by some authorities that
precipitation in Syria has diminished in the course of centuries
through the disappearance of a great portion of the forests,
but this fact is disputed and it is certain that within historic
times the climate and cultivation of the country cannot have
appreciably changed.
West winds bring rain. The north-west wind moderates the
summer heat, but on the other hand, a depressing east or
south-east wind (sirocco), which parches up everything and
is hurtful to animal and vegetable life, is occasionally experi
enced in the second half of May and just before the rainy
season.
On the whole the climate of Syria, with the exception of the
valley of the Jordan and some marshy districts, is not un
healthy, though intermittent fevers are not uncommon in
these, among other, parts.
Climatological Data
Beirut
Lat. 33° 54'N., long. 35° 28'E., alt. 115 ft. Period of
observation (3 times daily) 25-30 years.
Beirut is situated on the north side of a small triangular
plain which projects towards the coast from the middle heights
of Lebanon, and has a low range of hills running along the
north side of the triangle from the Beirut river to Cape Beirut.
About this item
- Content
Admiralty handbook regarding Syria (including Palestine) 'to as far north as the River Orontes and a line Antioch-Aleppo-Meskeneh. For details of the part of Syria beyond this line reference must be made to the Handbook of Asia Minor , Vol. iv, Part 2 (C.B. 847 C).'
'Contents. Chapters:
- I. Boundaries and Physical Survey, p 9 (folio 7)
- II. Climate, p 24 (folio 14v)
- III. Minerals, Flora and Fauna, p 93 (folio 50)
- IV. Military History, p 109 (folio 58)
- V. Inhabitants, p 175 (folio 91)
- VI. Turkish Administration, p 236 (folio 121v)
- VII. Agriculture, p 252 (folio 129v)
- VIII. Industry and Trade, p 276 (folio 141v)
- IX. Currency, Weights and Measures, p 318 (folio 162v)
- X. Jebel Ansarīyeh, p 325 (folio 166)
- XI. Country East of Jebel Ansarīyeh, p 344 (folio 175v)
- XII. Lebanon, Anti-Lebanon, and Damascus Plain, p 357 (folio 182)
- XIII. River Systems of Northern Syria, p 395 (folio 201)
- XIV. Judea and the Southern Desert, p 427 (folio 217)
- XV. Samaria (including Carmel), p 472 (folio 239v)
- XVI. Galilee, p 515 (folio 261)
- XVII. Haurān and Jaulān, p 556 (folio 281v)
- XVIII. 'Ajlūn and Northern Belqa, p 580 (folio 293v)
- XIX. Southern Belqa and Ardh el-Kerak, p 612 (folio 309v)
- XX. El-Jibāl and Esh-Shera, p 636 (folio 321v)
- XXI. The Ghōr (Jordan and the Dead Sea); and Wādi 'Arabah, p 645 (folio 326)
- Appendix: Conventional Spellings, p 668 (folio 337v)
- Index, p 669 (folio 338)
- Plates, p 725' [missing]
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (365 folios)
- Arrangement
The volume contains a contents page (folio 6) and an index (folios 338-365).
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 367; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio. Pagination: the volume also contains an original printed pagination sequence. The volume originally contained fourteen plates showing maps, bound into the back of the volume. These are now missing; details of the plates can be found at folio 5v.
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/16/15
- Title
- 'A handbook of Syria (including Palestine). London: Naval Staff Intelligence Department, June 1919'
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:366v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence