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‘Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān’ [185r] (374/686)
The record is made up of 1 volume (336 folios). It was created in 1885. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
KAZ—KAZ
347
<< Other than a landowner undertaking a cultivation has to pay to the
landowner 9 per cent, in kind, from the outturn of his harvest as rent
for one gao of ground, and 14 per cent, to government as tax. His
other expenses are the same as above.
<( The agriculturists of Kazrun are of two classes, viz. } the rayat-i-
padishah and the non-rayat, the former being always looked down upon
by all classes and subjected by government to more oppression than
the others. The rayat cultivator thus not only pays more taxes to
government, but has to pay his taxes in cash, instead of in kind and
at 30 per cent, above market-value. He is also obliged to give a
certain quantity of straw to government officials whenever required.
c( A rayat, when a landowner and cultivating his own grounds, has to
pay 15^ per cent, on his harvest in cash at the above enhanced valu-
atiom ^ - at p a y g a b 0 ut 60 kirans annually in cash to government.
There is another class of rayats who are obliged to buy at 30 per cent,
above market-value a certain portion of the produce received by govern
ment as taxes. A wealthy rayat is entirely at the mercy ot the authori
ties, a sum of about 1,000 kirans being annually levied from him. ^
“The value of one gao of land is from 100 khans to 600 kirans
according to the locality.
“To start a cultivation an expense of about 15 tumans is necessary.
One ox valuing .
Seeds „
Labour about
Straw and cotton seeds .
Sundries
. 50 kirans.
. 60
. 14
. 16
“One donkey is also maintained by a rayat when undertaking 4 or
more gaos of cultivation.
“About 2,000 lbs. of grain are sufficient for cultivating one gao of
ground at Kazrun.
“ In the case of saifi cultivation, no distinction is made by govern
ment between a rayat and non-rayat.
“ Saifi sowings are always undertaken by proprietors of water and
agriculturists conjointly, the proprietor providing the water and the
gTOund, and the agriculturists finding the seed, labour, implements, &c.
“ Should the waterowner, however, not be a landowner as well, any
other landowner would be but too glad to permit his lands to be used
for saifi cultivation gratis, inasmuch as the soil becomes enriched by
manuring which the saifi cultivation necessitates.
“The time taken up for saifi sowings is about 7 months, the
following being cultivated : tobacco, watermelon, muskmelon, vege
tables, cotton, sesame seeds, lentils, &c., rice, giam. ^
“ A tax of 20 per cent, ad valorem on the outturn is levied by
government, three-fifths of which is payable by the proprietor of the
water and two-fifths by the cultivator, and the balance is equally
divided between the proprietor and cultivator,
About this item
- Content
The third of four volumes comprising a Gazetteer of Persia. The volume, which is marked Confidential, covers Fārs, Lūristān [Lorestān], Arabistān, Khūzistān [Khūzestān], Yazd, Karmānshāh [Kermānshāh], Ardalān, and Kurdistān. The frontispiece states that the volume was revised and updated in April 1885 in the Intelligence Branch of the Quartermaster General’s Department in India, under the orders of Major General Sir Charles Metcalfe Macgregor, Quartermaster-General in India. Publication took place in Calcutta [Kolkata] by the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, in 1885.
The following items precede the main body of the gazetteer:
- a note by Lieutenant-Colonel Mark Sever Bell, Deputy Quartermaster General, Intelligence Branch, requesting inaccuracies, omissions and suggestions for the gazetteer be reported to the Deputy Quartermaster General;
- a second note, dated 26 November 1885, describing the geographical scope of the four volumes comprising the Gazetteer of Persia , and also making reference to the system of transliteration used (Hunterian) and authorities consulted;
- a preface, containing a summary of the geographical boundaries of the Gazetteer, a description of the Persian coast of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , an abridged account of trade in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. for the year 1884, and a description of telegraphs in the regions described by the Gazetteer.
The gazetteer includes entries for human settlements (villages, towns and cities), geographic regions, tribes, significant geographic features (such as rivers, canals, mountains, valleys, passes), and halting places on established routes. Figures for latitude, longitude and elevation are indicated where known.
Entries for human settlements provide population figures, water sources, location relative to other landmarks, climate. Entries for larger towns and cities can also include tabulated meteorological statistics (maximum and minimum temperatures, wind direction, remarks on cloud cover and precipitation), topographical descriptions of fortifications, towers, and other significant constructions, historical summaries, agricultural, industrial and trade activities, government.
Entries for tribes indicate the size of the tribe (for example, numbers of men, or horsemen), and the places they inhabit. Entries for larger tribes give tabulated data indicating tribal subdivisions, numbers of families, encampments, summer and winter residences, and other remarks.
Information sources are provided at the end of each gazetteer entry, in the form of an author or source’s surname, italicised and bracketed.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (336 folios)
- Arrangement
The gazetteer’s entries are arranged in alphabetically ascending order.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 341; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the volume has two printed pagination systems, the first of which uses Roman numerals and runs from I to XIII (ff 3-10), while the second uses Arabic numerals and runs from 1 to 653 (ff 12-338).
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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‘Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān’ [185r] (374/686), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100033249832.0x0000af> [accessed 7 March 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1
- Title
- ‘Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān’
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:340v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence