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‘Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān’ [54v] (113/686)
The record is made up of 1 volume (336 folios). It was created in 1885. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .
Transcription
This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.
86
horses is no longer famous; breeders no sooner reared a good foal than
they were compelled to present it to any superior vyho took a fancy to
it. Good mares are kept for breeding mules, and in each encampment
there is generally one good donkey stallion. Mares are generally rid
den, fillies kept, and colts sold.
The mules are of excellent quality and carry loads ot 300 lbs., exclu
sive of the pad and trappings. The pad in use
Mules> cannot be surpassed for excellence; it is 6 inches
to 8 inches thick, stuffed with straw and cotton, and worked to fit the
shape of the animal. It is raised both in front
Pack-animal equipment. ar)( j rearj an( j j n p] aee by breast-piece and
breeching, both about 6 inches wide, of stout leather. The loads are
fastened together by ropes made of camel's hair and balanced on either
side, care being taken to bring the loads to bear high up on the animal's
back.
Over the load and under the belly is passed a broad surcingle to
keep the whole tight and compact. It is made of leather and hair,
with iron eyes at both ends, by means of which the ends are fastened
together by a rope.
The weight of the mule equipment, including the above, and saddle
cloth or jhool, head-stall, ropes, nose-bag, &c., &c., is 60 lbs., and its
cost 37 to 40 kirans (15 to 16
rupees
Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf.
).
The female mule is preferred to the male, she being considered the
M stronger and more enduring. Mules are bred
from mares; those bred from female donkeys are
small and inferior. At the age of two years the males are castrated.
The young mule is allowed to graze with the herd until three years of
age; it is then either sold or trained to work; the training occupies
one year, after which the mule is fit for service. Their stamina and
endurance are remarkable, and their sure-footedness extraordinary.
When required, they may be taken 60 miles at a stretch.
A good mule costs from 100 to 150
rupees
Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf.
; they are not numerous.
The best mules are of a short build, small, and well proportioned.
An average load for a Persian mule is 260 to 320 lbs. This load he
will carry daily a stage of 20 to 25 miles without halts. Rations, 71bs
barley and 14 to 20 lbs. chopped straw.
Donkeys are numerous, each village or encampment of any size
Donkeys possessing from 50 to 100. Every villager has
his donkey. They are more numerous in the
valleys and plains than in the hills, where their place amongst the
Iliyats is taken by cows. They carry loads of 200 lbs., 15 miles daily,
for days consecutively, and form the chief minor transport of the
country. They also supply its chief military transport when on the
move, each regiment being followed by a train of them. The cost of
a good donkey is from 16 to 24
rupees
Indian silver coin also widely used in the Persian Gulf.
. The pad and its trappings
resemble those of the mule.
The shoe in universal use consists of a thin plate of iron, about li
Shoeing. 1° H inches wide, hammered to the shape of
the hoof, which it nearly covers, and is fastened
on by four or six large-headed nails; they last for about ten weeks.
About this item
- Content
The third of four volumes comprising a Gazetteer of Persia. The volume, which is marked Confidential, covers Fārs, Lūristān [Lorestān], Arabistān, Khūzistān [Khūzestān], Yazd, Karmānshāh [Kermānshāh], Ardalān, and Kurdistān. The frontispiece states that the volume was revised and updated in April 1885 in the Intelligence Branch of the Quartermaster General’s Department in India, under the orders of Major General Sir Charles Metcalfe Macgregor, Quartermaster-General in India. Publication took place in Calcutta [Kolkata] by the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, in 1885.
The following items precede the main body of the gazetteer:
- a note by Lieutenant-Colonel Mark Sever Bell, Deputy Quartermaster General, Intelligence Branch, requesting inaccuracies, omissions and suggestions for the gazetteer be reported to the Deputy Quartermaster General;
- a second note, dated 26 November 1885, describing the geographical scope of the four volumes comprising the Gazetteer of Persia , and also making reference to the system of transliteration used (Hunterian) and authorities consulted;
- a preface, containing a summary of the geographical boundaries of the Gazetteer, a description of the Persian coast of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. , an abridged account of trade in the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. for the year 1884, and a description of telegraphs in the regions described by the Gazetteer.
The gazetteer includes entries for human settlements (villages, towns and cities), geographic regions, tribes, significant geographic features (such as rivers, canals, mountains, valleys, passes), and halting places on established routes. Figures for latitude, longitude and elevation are indicated where known.
Entries for human settlements provide population figures, water sources, location relative to other landmarks, climate. Entries for larger towns and cities can also include tabulated meteorological statistics (maximum and minimum temperatures, wind direction, remarks on cloud cover and precipitation), topographical descriptions of fortifications, towers, and other significant constructions, historical summaries, agricultural, industrial and trade activities, government.
Entries for tribes indicate the size of the tribe (for example, numbers of men, or horsemen), and the places they inhabit. Entries for larger tribes give tabulated data indicating tribal subdivisions, numbers of families, encampments, summer and winter residences, and other remarks.
Information sources are provided at the end of each gazetteer entry, in the form of an author or source’s surname, italicised and bracketed.
- Extent and format
- 1 volume (336 folios)
- Arrangement
The gazetteer’s entries are arranged in alphabetically ascending order.
- Physical characteristics
Foliation: the foliation sequence commences at the inside front cover with 1 and terminates at the inside back cover with 341; these numbers are written in pencil, are circled, and are located in the top right corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. side of each folio.
Pagination: the volume has two printed pagination systems, the first of which uses Roman numerals and runs from I to XIII (ff 3-10), while the second uses Arabic numerals and runs from 1 to 653 (ff 12-338).
- Written in
- English in Latin script View the complete information for this record
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‘Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān’ [54v] (113/686), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100033249831.0x000072> [accessed 9 March 2025]
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Copyright: How to use this content
- Reference
- IOR/L/MIL/17/15/1
- Title
- ‘Gazetteer of Persia, Part III, including Fārs, Lūristān, Arabistān, Khūzistān, Yazd, Karmānshāh, Ardalān, Kurdistān’
- Pages
- front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, 2r:340v, back-i
- Author
- East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
- Usage terms
- Open Government Licence