Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05 [‎35v] (75/602)

This item is part of

Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05

602 images

Ref: IOR/R/15/1/709

The record is made up of 1 volume (299 folios). It was created in 1884-1906. It was written in English. The original is part of the British Library: India Office The department of the British Government to which the Government of India reported between 1858 and 1947. The successor to the Court of Directors. Records and Private Papers Documents collected in a private capacity. .

Transcription

This transcription is created automatically. It may contain errors.

Apply page layout

30
ADMINISTEATION REPORT OF THE PERSIAN GULF The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. POLITICAL
a trail of blood and flame. For five years the Arabs appear to have been left unmolested by
their new foes, and in the meantime they had leisure to rebuild their towns, and to watch, as they
doubtless did, with interest the proceedings of their ruthless invaders at Hormuz and in
India.
In 1512, Diogo Fernandes deBega, who had been sent to demolish the fort at Socotra
which had been found useless for.the purpose it was intended to serve, came to Hormuz and
Muscat to receive the tribute agreed upon with the King. It had been the intention of
Albuquerque, who had in the meantime become the second Viceroy of India, to return to the
Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. this year with deBega, but circumstances prevented his doing so until two years
later, when he sailed from Goa with a fleet of 14 sail of the line and 13 smaller vessels. On
the 21st March 1515 he sighted land near Ras-el-Nad, and four days later arrived at Kooriyah.
Here he found an armada from Hormuz on the look-out for pirates, and deciding not to molest
it he moved on to Muscat, where he anchored for two days to take in provisions and water. The
Persian Governor or Agent here at the time was Rais Hamed, a nephew of Rais Noor-ul-Din
one of the oflacers of the King of Hormuz, and Albuquerque was much exercised at observing
his tyrannical behaviour over the people. He appears, however, to have behaved civilly enough
to the Portuguese, having doubtless a lively recollection of what had occurred seven year s
before.
Having completed the conquest of Hormuz, the Viceroy prepared to turn his face
southwards, and appointed his relative, Pedro d^Albuquerque, commandant of the fort with
a strong garrison to overawe the city. It was the last important act of his life, for he
was very ill when he set sail, and as it turned out on his death-bed, and the "terrible Albu
querque, " as he was called, died the day of his arrival off the bar of Goa, his end being hastened
by the news he had received of his supersession and recall by the King.
DeBarros gives a curious and detailed account of the revenue and expenditure of Hormuz
at this time. He says that on the coast of Arabia the chief town was Kilhat, the Governor
and Customs Master at which overruled those in the other towns in the principality. The reve
nue collected and remitted by Kilhat to Hormuz was 19,200 Sheraflns, equal to 5,760 dollars,
which was contributed in the following proportions: Kilhat paid 11,000 Ashrafis, Muscat
4,000, Sohar 1,500, Khor Fakan 1,500, Dibba 500, and Lima 700. The Julfar district, or
Pirate coast, also paid 7,500, and in addition to the above the boats engaged in the pearl fishery,
which were compelled to go to Hormuz to take out passes, contributed 1,500 Ashrafis. The
Oman revenue thus came to 28,200 Ashrafis. The total revenue of Hormuz is said to have
been 198,078 Ashrafis, or $59,423.
The same writer The lowest of the four classes into which East India Company civil servants were divided. A Writer’s duties originally consisted mostly of copying documents and book-keeping. also gives us a glimpse at the political state of Oman at this time, from-
which we learn that the Imam Muhommad possessed undisputed spiritual and temporal power
in all parts, and that the chief cities in Oman proper, which was the most populous district
were Manh, Nezwa, and Behla, each of which was fortified and had its own ^^-independent
King who ruled iu a sort of republic. These chieftains had formed a league to protect them
selves against the Benjaber, a predatory tribe and the most powerful in Arabia, who used to raid
Oman every year at the date season. The Imam had to buy them off from plundering his
territories by an annual tribute.
Intermediate between the above towns and the seaboard were other Sheikhdoms who were
continually at feud with the Persian garrisons, a state of distraction which of course operated
in favour of the Portuguese. Who these Benjaber were that appeared so formidable is an
enigma that remains unsolved.
After the subjection of Hormuz, three places on the Arab coast—Kilhah, Muscat, and
Sohar,—became stations for the Portuguese factors and merchants who were appointed and
controlled from Hormuz. They were sufficiently protected by the visits of the King's ships
from India which touched at these places on their way to Hormuz and Bahrein, and as no vessel
under a native flag was suffered to cross the ocean without a pass, they had practically the
control of all seaborne commerce, and thus commanded the markets. But it does not appear that
any garrisons were yet stationed on the Oman coast. In the year 1519 the first check to the
Portuguese prestige in the gulf occurred at Kilhat, and was due, as such things usually are due
to an unwise meddling in local politics. The King of Hormuz happening to be incensed against
the Governor of Kilhat, Reis Shehab-ul-Dm, and being unable to get him into his power, be
sought the aid of Dom Garcia deContinho, the Portuguese commandant. Dom Garcia accord
ingly directed the Captain-Major or Naval Chief of the squadron, Duarte Mendes DeVascon-
cellos, to arrest Shehab-ul-Dm and bring him to Hormuz. This order, however, Duarte Mendes

About this item

Content

The volume contains printed copies of Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Administration Reports. The Reports are incomplete (according to the introductory letters and lists of contents). Some of the Reports bear manuscript corrections. The following Reports are represented :

Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for the Year 1883-84 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1884);
Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1884-85 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1885);
Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1885-86 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1886);
Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1886-87 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1887);
Report on the Administration of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1887-88 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1888);
Administration Report of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1888-89 (Calcutta: Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1889);
Administration Report of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1889-90 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1890);
Administration Report of the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1890-91 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1891);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1891-92 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1892);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1892-93 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1893);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Muscat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1893-94 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1894);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1894-95 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1895);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1895-96 (Simla: Government Central Printing Office, 1896);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1896-97 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1897);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1897-98 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1898);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1898-99 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1899);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1899-1900 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1900);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1900-1901 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1901);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1901-1902 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1902);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1902-1903 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1903);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1903-1904 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1904);
Administration Report on the Persian Gulf The historical term used to describe the body of water between the Arabian Peninsula and Iran. Political Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. and Maskat Political Agency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, headed by an agent. for 1904-1905 (Calcutta: Office of the Superintendent of Government Printing, India, 1906).

The Reports include a general summary by the Political Resident A senior ranking political representative (equivalent to a Consul General) from the diplomatic corps of the Government of India or one of its subordinate provincial governments, in charge of a Political Residency. (covering the constituent agencies and consulates that made up the Residency An office of the East India Company and, later, of the British Raj, established in the provinces and regions considered part of, or under the influence of, British India. , and topics such as the slave trade, piracy, the movements of Royal Navy ships, official appointments, and the weather); meteorological tables; separate reports on Muscat (also referred to as Maskat); reports on trade and commerce; and a number of appendices on special topics, such as supplementary notes on the care and culture of date trees and fruit (Report, 1883-84), historical sketch of the Portuguese in eastern Arabia (Report, 1884-85), notes on a tour through Oman and El-Dhahireh [Al Dhahirah] by Lieutenant-Colonel Samuel Barrett Miles (Report, 1885-86), notes on cholera in Persia (Report, 1889-90), report on the cholera epidemic in Maskat, Matrah, and Oman (Report, 1899-1900), and information on individuals and tribes.

Extent and format

1 volume (299 folios)

Arrangement

The Reports are arranged in chronological order from the front to the rear of the volume. There is an introductory letter/table of contents at the front of each Report, but these show that the Reports are not complete.

Physical characteristics

Foliation: the foliation system in use commences at 3 on the second folio after the front cover, and continues through to 299 on the back cover. The sequence is written in pencil, enclosed in a circle, and appears in the top right hand corner of the recto The front of a sheet of paper or leaf, often abbreviated to 'r'. page of each folio.

Written in

English in Latin script

View the complete information for this record

Share this item

Cite this item in your research

Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05 [‎35v] (75/602), British Library: India Office Records and Private Papers, IOR/R/15/1/709, in Qatar Digital Library <https://www.qdl.qa/archive/81055/vdc_100023373225.0x00004c> [accessed 3 December 2024]

Link to this item

https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023373225.0x00004c

Embed this item

Copy and paste the code below into your web page where you would like to embed the image.

<meta charset="utf-8"><a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023373225.0x00004c">Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05 [&lrm;35v] (75/602)</a>
<a href="https://www.qdl.qa/en/archive/81055/vdc_100023373225.0x00004c">
	<img src="https://iiif.qdl.qa/iiif/images/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0002ab/IOR_R_15_1_709_0075.jp2/full/!280,240/0/default.jpg" alt="" />
</a>

IIIF details

This record has a IIIF manifest available as follows. If you have a compatible viewer you can drag the icon to load it.https://www.qdl.qa/en/iiif/81055/vdc_100000000193.0x0002ab/manifest Open in Universal viewer Open in Mirador viewerMore options for embedding images

Use and reuse

Download this image

Copyright: How to use this content

Reference: IOR/R/15/1/709
Title: Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05
Pages: front, back, spine, edge, head, tail, front-i, i-r:i-v, 3r:298v, back-i
Author: East India Company, the Board of Control, the India Office, or other British Government Department
Usage terms: Open Government Licence

Persian Gulf Administration Reports 1883/84 - 1904/05 [‎35v] (75/602)

Transcription

About this item

Use and share this item

Copyright: How to use this content