"دليل بلاد فارس، المجلد I ويشمل محافظات أستراباد، شاهرود-بوستان، خراسان، وسيستان" [ظ‎‎١‎٣‎٢] (٧٢٢/٢٦٩)

KAL-I-MTJRA, or AB-I-SHOR— Lat. , Long. ; Elev.
A river in Khurasan, which receives the drainage of a large tract of
country extending from Jajarm on the west to the eastern limits of the
Juvam or Jagatai plain, the streams which compose it join north of the
bridge called Pul-i-Abresham, whence for a distance it bears the name of
Kal-i-Shur. It is finally lost in the salt desert, some 50 miles or more
south of the Pul-i-Abresham. There is ordinarily but little, if any, water
in its bed, except above the village of Kamaistan, where there are several
streamlets, which join it with a good head of water. The length of the
longest branch of this river would be only about 160 miles ; but the tract
drained by its tributaries is not less than 10,000 square miles.—(iVajowr,
MacGregor.)
KAL-I-SPIOR, or AB-I-SHOR, and KAL MtJRA— Lat. , Long.
; Elev.
A stream in Khurasan, flowing through the western extremity of the
Jagatai huts. It rises in the mountainous district near the Ala Dagh
mountains, flows west through the Isfarain plain, d miles south of Kafir
Kala, is joined by the Kara Su at a point east of Jajarm ; then, turning south,
winding round to Zafarani in the valley of Kuh Mesh, flows between the
range of that name and the Kuh-i-Dushakh, emptying itself into the salt
desert of Khurasan. It passes under the Shahrud-Sabzawar road at the
Pul-i-Abisham,* by which name the stream itself is called by some writers,
and is the only channel for the drainage of the wade plain of Juvam or
Jagatai and of Isfarain. The stream at the above point is only a small
rivulet, brackish and bitter, and there is no indication of its ever carrying a
large body of water. It drains a wild glen in which are the villages of
Firumad and Firuzabad. Beyond the bridge and the little hamlet of Sadar-
abad, there is a depression in the surface of the desert generally covered
with a saline efflorescence, but at times evidently a wide marsh, confining
the road to the hill skirts. On the outer edge of this depression all vegeta
tion ceases.— (Najoier.)
KALIEN DARA—Lat. , Long. ^ ; Elev.
A pass about 15 miles north-east of Nardin in northern Khurasan, on
the road to Chanda Abbas. It lies beyond Kalpush.— {Napier.)
KALKAN— Lat. 37° 28 // O', Long. 59° 7' 0" ; Elev. ' {Stewart).
A village in the Daraghaz Atak, about 10 miles north-east of Muham-
madabad. It is inhabited by Alaili Turkumans, who, after the Russian
occupation, emigrated from Khiva to Daraghaz, and were located in this
neighbourhood by the Khan.— {Napier.)
KALMARZ— Lat. , Long. ; Elev.
A place with water, some 13 miles from Jafirabad near Tabas in southern
Khurasan.— {Stewart.)
KALMARZ— Lat. 33° 24' 0", Long. 56°19' 0' 7 ; Elev. 4,160^' {Stewart).
A halting-place in Khurasan, on the road from Yazd to Nishapur, 51
miles north-east of Pusht-i-Badam and 36 miles south-west of Tabas.
It lies close under the hills, and has a caravansarai and a ruined tower;
but no supplies of any kind are obtainable, and the water is salt.— {Mac
Gregor, Gill.)
KALON SHAMSH— Lat. , Long. ; Elev.
A village in Khurasan, on the road from Tabas to Yazd, 42 miles from
the former.— {War Office Report on Persia, Part II, Route 233.)
* Vide “ Abresham. ”