"سرد لرحلة إلى موقع مدينة بابل في ١٨١١، طُبعت الآن لأول مرة: مذكرات على الأطلال؛ مع نقوش من الخرائط المدبئية للمؤلف: ملاحظات على طبوغرافية بابل القديمة،بقلم الرائد رينيل؛ في إشارة إلى المذكرات: مذكرات ثانية على الأطلال؛ في إشارة إلى ملاحظات الرائد رينيل: مع سرد لرحلة إلى برسبوليس: طُبعت الآن لأول مرة، مع كتابات مسمارية نسخت في برسبوليس ولم تُنشر من قبل: كتبها الراحل كلوديوس جيمس ريتش، المحترم، المقيم البريطاني السابق لشركة الهند الشرقية في بغداد. حررته أرملته." [‎١‎٨‎٥] (٤٧٤/٢٧٣)

APP,] BABYLONIAN ANTIQUES. 185
been deciphered by the first orientalist of any age
or country, in whose excellent work, "
diverges Antiquites de la Per the fullest informa
tion on the Sassanian antiquities may be found.
The foregoing observations relate to the Persepo-
litan inscriptions. With respect to those of Baby
lon, Dr. Grotefend, from the scarcity of specimens,
is yet only acquainted with two kinds; and he has
not attempted to decipher them, though he has fur
nished some useful tables of comparison for those
who may be inclined to attempt the task.* Adopting
his principles of classification, I shall divide the
Babylonian inscriptions into three species, in the
order of their complication. I have attempted to
account for the co-existence of three different writings
and languages in the Persepolitan inscriptions. For
the reason of there being three species of Babylonian
writing, of which one only corresponds with those
of Persepolis, I cannot offer any probable conjecture.
They are never found together, or in the same an
tiques, as in Persia ; but the supposition of different
ages will not solve the difficulty. A strict compa
rison of the different kinds will show whether or no
they express different languages, f
* See Mines de V Orient, vol. iv. and v.
t In the moment of sending off this Memoir I saw a letter from
Dr. Grotefend, by which it appears that that learned and ingenious
person, from a close examination of some specimens which have re
cently been communicated to him, is of opinion that the three species
of Babylonian writing here spoken of are only varieties of different
modes of writing the same characters, and that there is in fact but