"سرد لرحلة إلى موقع مدينة بابل في ١٨١١، طُبعت الآن لأول مرة: مذكرات على الأطلال؛ مع نقوش من الخرائط المدبئية للمؤلف: ملاحظات على طبوغرافية بابل القديمة،بقلم الرائد رينيل؛ في إشارة إلى المذكرات: مذكرات ثانية على الأطلال؛ في إشارة إلى ملاحظات الرائد رينيل: مع سرد لرحلة إلى برسبوليس: طُبعت الآن لأول مرة، مع كتابات مسمارية نسخت في برسبوليس ولم تُنشر من قبل: كتبها الراحل كلوديوس جيمس ريتش، المحترم، المقيم البريطاني السابق لشركة الهند الشرقية في بغداد. حررته أرملته." [‎١‎٥‎٢] (٤٧٤/٢٤٠)

15S5 SECOND MEMOIR ON THE
assigns to his supposed town, prior to the intro
duction of Islam; and if it be allowed to have
preserved its freshness so long, there can certainly
be no difficulty in granting it the additional number
of years. In this pure and dry climate, other evi
dence than its being fresh and unworn is required
to dispute the antiquity of a ruin which has till very
lately remained entirely covered up. Whatever
may be its appearance, the difficulties which oppose
its rejection from the ruins of Babylon are very
great, independent of the improbability of such a
building having been erected on a heap of rubbish.
But it does not stand on the mound which I have
named after it, and which is allowed to be Baby
lonian ; it is enclosed within the mass, and has been
covered by it. The rubbish has only been cleared
off its top part; and its side walls, though not per
fectly laid open, yet are seen to reach down very far
below the general surface of the mound, as ray
drawing shows. This building is indisputably con
nected with walls and fragments similar to it, to be
seen in various parts of the same mound, quite in
its heart, and at a great depth, and which have been
discovered in piercing and hollowing out the heaps
to find bricks ;—some of these walls are, I believe,
on a level with the plain itself. I cannot therefore
doubt that the walls are coeval with the mound
itself by which they have been covered ; or at least
erected before the buildings whose ruins formed
the mound had crumbled into rubbish (for it is not