"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎١‎٥‎٠‎٣] (١٧٨٢/١٦٥٨)

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who was his personal enemy, and whose brother, Saiyid Talib, was
eent to Constantinople to undermine the Wali's position. The Shaikh
of Kuwait, too, was induced to represent that the difficulties between
himself and the Turkish Government arose from the employment of Hamdi
Pasha as a medium ; and charges connected with the proceedings of a
German Railway Commission at Basrah seem to have been brought
against the unfortunate official by Muhsin Pasha, the Mditary Com
mandant at Basrah, who coveted the Waliship for himself.
Emni Pasha and 'Arif Pasha, who governed the Wilayat m the in
tervals of Hamdi Pasha's administration, appear both to have fallen quickly
into disgrace. Complaints against them were investigated by Muhsin
Pasha, afterwards Wali but then holding a military appointment at
Baghdad, who was sent from Baghdad for the purpose, and who
thereafter acted for a short time as Wali, pending the return of Hamdi
Pasha.
Muhsin Pasha was a soldier of some intellectual attainments, he p^™ 190C( .
had risen in the Turkish military service by merit; and he had e igoi,
the position of Chief of the Staff in the 7th (Yaman) Array Corps.
His plausible policy in regard to Kuwait, however, which may be
learned from the chapter on the history of that Arab principality,
though consistently pursued during two years with the support of the
Naqib of Basrah, and crowned at one moment with seeming success,
ended in total failure. A favourite scheme of Muhsin Pasha was
construction of a road from Basrah to Fao through the date plantations
on the right bank of the Shatt-al-'Arab; but heavy expenditure in
acquiring laud and building bridges was involved, and it was not came
out The idea of the road was military rather than administrative,
but its execution would have given the Turkish authorities a strong
hold on the riverain villages and might have contributed to the
suppression of piracy on the Shatt-al- Arab.
Mustafa Nuri Pasha, who succeeded Muhsin Pasha, was M llltal '- V ^".1901?'
Commandant as well as Wali of Basrah. He showed considerable firm
ness and energy in grappling with internal difficulties that preva.
his time, as will be described hereaftei.
Fakhri Pasha, the temporary successor of Nun Pasha both as Wall
and Commandant, was a military officer of good education. H used
great severity in dealing with violent crime at Basrah where he^ sti
remembered bv the name of Abu Gaw.ni or " the Man of Sa k rt
having been alleged that he caused criminals to be tied up in sacks and
Fakhri
Pasha,
1904.