"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎١‎٤‎٤‎٤] (١٧٨٢/١٥٩٩)

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" has become for Aleppo—the liead-quarters of a detached military force in
" possession of the Euphrates route. Caravans have since that time passed
" in more or less security down the valley. At the same time possession
" was taken of the few towns existing on the Tigris/" *
Mid-hat Pasha called into existence the small town of Rumadi on the
Aleppo route endowing it besides with a fine caravanserai and military
barracks ; and the extension of the telegraph to the same place may also,
not improbably, have been due to his initiative. The fort which he built
opposite to J A nah for the reception of a garrison that was to dominate a
section of the Euphrates valley and Aleppo road is still, though now un
occupied, a striking feature of the landscape. In spite of all his efforts
however, a round-about way to Constantinople by Musal and Diyarbakr
continued, for some years after his departure, to be preferred to the short
route by Aleppo as being more safe. Time has justified his work, however,
and the Aleppo or Euphrates route is now almost universally followed by
travellers between Baghdad and Constantinople and is as safe as any in
the country.
Mid-hat Pasha founded an Industrial School at liaghdad in
conjunction with an orphanage; it still exists and, though it has produced
no striking results, must supply a real need. Two Turkish Government
schools were also opened at Baghdad in his time. The improvement of
main bazaar of Baghdad, and the lighting of the bazaars, some of the
a joining sreots and the bridge of boats there at night with kerosine
are reforms attributed to Mid-hat Fasha. He instituted a Muni-
■ , ■ V '. ''^ la 1 an ^ endeavoured by erecting new Government buiid-
n s o draw the native town from the site which it still occupies down
to the banks of the Shatt-al-'Arab
the b 0 " f the S ! ,5h ^ PWSia 0n a rngrimage 10
tion nf H" * y cry , }ias been mentioned already, and his annexa-
tion of Hasa m 1871 will be noticed further on.
been rati ""t "Basha and his administration appear to have
X ^e^:T;tL S, ;r ed " P by 0ne 0f hU SUCCeSSOTS
_______ ( things, aie necessary in a governor, who would
t Euphnta. 1879, Tol. 11, page 183.
There are ^upirates. Vol I I, page 7
Baghdad, Nazim Pasha 1 m l )e ^ w _ een Mid-hat Pasha and a later Wall of
Turkish forces in the war of | qi v' 1 ,, q Tur .' <ls ^J^hiister of War and generalissimo of the
by the " Union and Proe-ivnc. " n"', ' * e « States and Greece, who was sent
powers, to regenerate the 0 T uike ^ 1^10, with extensive
involved the destruction of m r rcv l t d i» municipal improvements which
hsh navigation on the Ennhntv. fi 111 ''""g 8 ; both made abortive attempts to estab-
of motor boats ; and bofli aoriA i 6 ear 1 er naeans of steamers, the later by means
canal, the other by attemntino- < n 0U ' S ^. on dangered Baghdad city, the one by cutting a
neither, apparently, had undpi4iH C0 V*- i a dyke to control floods. For
merely useful very much afhw; "" R -^ c l 1 w ® re devoid of the sensationai element and
equally lacking ; but both w^ro i, ' T eac them patience and true insight were
office in Europe. 0 Pest men and both were called subsequently to high