"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎١‎٠‎٧‎٢] (١٧٨٢/١٢٢٧)

Arrival of
M uhamraad
'All in Hijaz
and deporta
tion of the
Sharif Gha-
lib, 1813
Unsucceneful
expedition of
TtisQn Pasha
against Tum-
bith, 1813.
1072
On the 28th of Auo-ust IB! J, Mnhammad 'Ali, who had received strict
orders from Constantinople to proceed in person to Hijaz and feared that lift
mig-ht lose the Pashaliq of Egypt if he did not obey, arrived at Jiddah;
he brought with hira a reinforcement of 2,000 infantry; and in the
meantime 2,000 cavalry and 8,000 transport camels had been despatched
by the laud route from Egypt. The Pasha at once turned his attention
to the problem of provisioning his forces, which had become one of
great urgency, for the Turkish garrisons of Makkah and Taif depended
on the port of Jiddah for their supplies and transport wag so scarce
that it was hardly possible to forward them as fast as they were required.
Sea transport, too, was inadequate; and to supplement this deficiency
Muhammad Ali took up the whole of the shipping of Jiddah and
Yanbo' and arranged to hire 20 vessels for one year from Saiyid Said of
Masqat. The Pasha quickly conceived a distrust of Ghalib, partly on
account of the failure of the latter to provide camels when called upon
to do so, and partly because it was obvious that the Arabs regarded the
^hai if as their protector equally against the Wahhabis and the Egyptians.
Muhammad 'Ali's suspicions led before long to the arrest of Ghalib by
artifice, followed by his deportation to Turkey, where he died of plague
at Salonika in 1816; but the local effect of this stroke of policy was unfor
tunate and caused the flight of many influential Arabs to the Wahhabi
camp. Among these was Rajah, a relation of Ghalib, whom the Wahhabi
Amir appointed his representative in Hijaz in place of 'Othman.
Such being the position of affairs, Muhammad 'Ali, at the end of
October or beginning of November 1813, determined on an expedition
against Turabah, where Rajah had now 6 x ed his headquarters and where
mam others of the adherents of Ghalib had assembled. I he Pasha had
succeeded in collecting a small quantity of supplies at Taif, and he
therefore ordered his son Tusun Pasha to advance from that place with
- ,000 men and provisions for 30 days. The force was delayed on the
way by troublesome hill operations against the 'Ataibah, and their
provisions were almost exhausted before they came in sight of Turabah
w ere ued the Buqum tribe, presided over by an old woman named
u-haliyah whom the Turks regarded as a sorceress. After one un
successful attack on Turabah a retirement was commenced, and Ihe
Sf lT;^ 17 by the during a four days'retreat to
V f raen ^ the Way ; 0n this 0CCasi0 ^ as in the disaster at
exertil f r' ^ fr0rn Utter destruction through the
Scottish A h ^ COmmandei ' ^conded bv his faithful
Scottish Agha. As Taif was the only point from which operations