"كتيّب بلاد الرافدين. المجلد IV .١٩١٧" [و‎‎٧‎٥] (٥٣٠/١٥٤)

ROUTES 70, 71 a
145
continues down the ravine to the Julamerk—Bash Qal'ah
road (see Boute 69, under m. 14^), the route followed
turns E.
Ascend a spur very steeply by zigzags, from the top of
which route continues by a broad play track, fairly steep,
leaving a ravine on r.
Gnrauis, Nestorian village of 22 houses, near which is
a chrome mine.
Route continues to ascend.
Andanis (alt. 7,485 ft.). Ascend steadily, crossing open
uplands on which there is good grazing in spring.
Broad summit of the Harefta Gedik (alt. 10,210 ft.), a pass
in the Harefta Dagh, which to W. rises to 12,500 ft.
Route meets Boute 71b, m. 15^. The Harefta Dagh
slopes very steeply to E. down to the Zab. The route
now enters the basin of the Qara Su, a large tribu
tary of the Zab which meets that river at m. 35f on
Boute 69, and from this point to Bash Qal'ah crosses
a series of small streams, most of which are tribu
taries of the Qara Su, and are separated one from
another by steep ridges. Here the Zab valley contains
a good deal of thinly covered grass land. The track
descends a broad, grassy valley rather steeply, and passes
a group of four large ponds, the slope gradually becoming
easier.
19 Cross a large stream at a point where some minor streams
join it from the SW.
Route follows a fairly wide valley, with a good deal of
cultivation and pasture, leaving Mandara, a Kurd
village, 2^ m. to 1.
20 Sivik, a small Kurd village, m. to r.
20^ Suroa on the 1., ^ m. distant. Route now crosses the
Qara Su, which at this point is 30 ft. wide and 1 ft.
deep in October, by a bridge (alt. 8,000 ft.), and passes
through a cultivated basin.
21i Sikyanis, Kurd village of 30 houses, the principal place
in the Shivelan district. Here route to Sekunis is
crossed {Route 69, under m. 25^, branch track, at m. 13).
22^ Cross another stream, 30 yds. wide and 2 ft. deep, by a ford,
the stream being crossed by a fascine bridge, ^ m. lower
j down, when in flood. The route goes up a broad culti-
MES. IV rr
ITiliUS iiUIU
Kochan-
nes
10
14