"كتيّب بلاد الرافدين. المجلد IV .١٩١٧" [ظ‎‎٤‎٢] (٥٣٠/٨٩)

80
LAND ROUTES
Miles from
Chianeh
6
13i
15
16-|
18
23
24
26
27i
29
32
36
the hills. Extensive ince cultivation at W, end of
plain.
Hills close in, leaving a gap about 1 m. wide.
Derbend, small village in the gap. Emerge through the
pass into the Ushnu plain, which is 18 m. long and 8 m.
broad at the centre.
Cross irrigation cuts and marshy ground. Very heavy
going for baggage animals.
Ford the Sulduz Glial (or Jerratu), 30 yds. wide and 2 ft.
deep in July 1888. Through deep swamp for 300 yds.
beyond ford ; then very muddy road ; over irrigation
cuts.
Khaldavai, village of 100 houses, with a small grove of
willows. Cross muddy irrigation cuts.
Kurishawa, small Kurd village. Some wheat and barley
cultivation.
Ford small river.
Ushnu (alt. 4,619 ft.).
Route now follows a broad track by the foot of the hills,
heading NE.
Nahirwan, 150 houses, in a small valley to 1. Extensive
orchards and gardens.
Aliawa, in the plain lower down.
High rugged hills to NW.
Plain narrows. Begin ascent of valley ^ m. wide.
Sengan, 50 houses, to r.
Ascend steeply to NW. by a zigzag ledge in clay soil
6-8 ft. wide cut in the hill-side. This would require
improvement for guns.
Reach summit, alt. 6,025 ft., and cross a wide, grassy
basin, skirting a number of rocky ravines to W.
Ascend gradually and cross a ravine with a stream from
the E.
Cross a broad, rounded summit, the watershed between the
Ushnu and Barandiz streams.
Aq Bulaq, 4 m. to W. in an open grassy valley.
Baghshlrim, close to road.
Easy track over open uplands.
Descend a narrow valley by a stream and ford it. Deep
slopes on either hand. Good hay by the stream banks in
summer.
Sakaneh and Aineromeh, small villages to r.