'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎314] (383/905)

314
pashalik of karA.-si.
[chap. xiv.
on the banks of the river of that name, 1 and probably near
the spot called the Baths of Diana; there are not now, how
ever, any traces of the site : the aqueducts in that neighbour
hood belong to a much later period.
The climate of Smyrna is healthy, and the city is situated
in a fine country: its chief disadvantages are exposure to
earthquakes, the plague, and fires; which last, owing to the
number of wooden houses, are very destructive.
Kar£i arie80f The g overnment of Kara-si touches that of Saru-khan,
from whence it extends northward, along the coast of iEolis,
till it joins that of Bighah, and again eastward, to the borders
of Khodavendi-kar, a little beyond Balikesri (Csesarea), the
chief town. Near its northern extremity it has the river,
which, after a short course, falls into the Gulf of Adra-
myttium; and, at its southern limits, the Bergama-sti, or
Caicus, which has a western course from Kirkagatsh, where
the trunk is formed by the junction of several branches
coming from the interior towards the north and east.
Sc r r ofthe Tlie Demir j i ran ge bisects this district from east to west,
and then, skirting the Gulf of Adramyttium, it runs northward
into Mysia. Some few valleys, such as the Kemereh, are
highly cultivated and beautiful; 2 but, for the most part, the
country is without villages and covered with plane-trees,
olives, and pines, with an underwood of laurel, arbutus, vine,
clematis, woodbine, and myrtle. 3 The shores of the island
of Mitylene, however, are still richer; and its capital occupies
the slope of a peninsula at the water's edge, above and on
each side of which are seen a succession of rich valleys, with
villages and kiosks peeping through wooded slopes and rich
underwood. The kiosks, for the sake of coolness, are of a
peculiar construction, being either a kind of turret raised on
four posts above the ground, or a wooden building surmount
ing a square stone tower, beyond which it projects on every
side. In addition to the island of Mitylene, Kara-si contains
the Sanjaks of Balikesri, Adramyti, Sandarli, and Ayasmund.
' Herodotus, Life of Homer, c. ii. Strabo, lib. XIV., p. 646.
-Fellowes's Journal, 1838, p. 40
8 Ibid, p. 42.