'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎295] (362/905)

CHAP. XIII.]
THE CHAR-SHAMBAH SU.
295
The northern and more considerable of these branches, called
the Yeshil-Irmak, rises in the mountains eastward of Kara The Yeshn-
Hisar, and, after sweeping through the valleys southward 1 ™*-
of that town, it winds W. N.W. through the mountains,
and subsequently through the plains of Niksar and Tashova,
where it takes the name of the Char-shambah-su. In the
plain near Boghaz Kissan Kal'eh, this river, the ancient
Lycus, is joined by the western branch, or Iris, which is
called the Tokat su. The latter has its springs on the
southern slopes of the great chain, at some little distance to
the S.W. of the town of Niksar; and, after running in this
direction through the vale of Tokat, it takes a western
course along the Kaas Ova to the village of Karevli, from
whence it sweeps northward to Tourkhal, where it again
runs westward, through a valley and along the south side of
Alti Aghaj Tagh, into the plain of Amasiyah.
On entering the latter, it is joined by an affluent coming
from the south, and soon afterwards it receives a considerable,
river, which is formed by two branches. The southern and
more considerable of these is at first known by the name of
the Alajah Chai", whose several springs unite southward of
Churum, and the trunk thus formed, bearing the name of
Tchoterlek Irmak, runs westward, and again north-eastward, is joined by the
into the valley of Amasiyah; just short of which the northern irLikf e
branch comes into it, by an easterly course, from the slopes
of the Kirk Delim mountains in the vicinity of Churum.
This branch now seems to have nearly an E.N.E. course
till it joins the Yeshil-Irmak, or Green River, at the spot
already mentioned; just afterwards it receives another affluent
coming from the westward, in the neighbourhood of Boghaz
Keui-Ghieul, or Stephane Palus. 1 After these accessions
to its waters, the Yeshil-Irmak, or Char-shambah-su,
appears to take a northerly direction, till, under the former
name, it enters the Black Sea about 10 miles eastward of and enters the
, Black Sea.
Samsun.
The Sakariyah is the most important stream after the
1 Mr. W. J. Hamilton's Journey: Vol. VII. Part !., p. 48, of the Royal
Geographical Journal.