'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎190] (247/905)

190
THE KIZIL l/ZEN,
[CHAP. IX.
number is the more limited, as the extremities of Persia
barely touch the Araxes and Shatt el Arab, both of which
arise beyond her frontiers.
Rise of the The first stream of importance towards the interior of the
kingdom is the Kizil U'zen, whose affluents traverse and
partially water five of the northern provinces. The principal
branch rises in Ardelan, 1 and from thence it makes an
exceedingly tortuous course of about 100 miles in length in
the general direction of N.E. After this its line is more
direct for about 50 miles, through part of the table-land of
'Irak, 2 and then it turns abruptly towards the N.N. W., and
runs for 40 miles between high precipitous banks, through
the district of Kizil Gechiler, near the extremity of which it
receives a tributary on the eastern side,
its course, The Kizil U'zen now breaks through a terrific chasm in
the A'nguran mountains, 3 and afterwards runs northward
about 10 miles, to the extremity of the strong defile called
Derbend, 4 where it inclines a little eastward for eight miles,
and passes the village of Kara-Butta. Proceeding in the
same direction, at six miles beyond this place it receives the
Zengan river, which arrives, by a north-west course of about
70 miles, from the plain of Sultaniyah: passing the town of
that name, their united waters run nearly northward, along
the deep valley eastward of Miana; in which, at about two
miles to the north-eastward, it receives a considerable tribu
tary bearing the name of that town. The latter tributary
is formed by the junction of the Karagul and the Eye
Dagemish rivers, which unite (the latter having previously
and affluents, received two affluents) at a point two miles southward of the
town, after draining four basins which extend towards the
W.N.W. and S.W. parts of Azerbaijan. Soon after receiv
ing the Miana, the main trunk forces a passage through the
1 In about 35° 50' N. latitude, and 46° 45' E. longitude.
2 To 41° 5*7' E. longitude, and 36° 10' N. latitude.
Journal^ 01 RaWlinSOn: ^ 59 ' VoL X - Part l > of the Royal Geographical
4 The Gates.—Tour through Azerbaijan and the Shores of the Caspian •
communicated by Colonel Monteith, E.I.C.-—Ibid., Vol. III. Part I.