'The Expedition for the survey of the rivers Euphrates and Tigris, carried on by order of the British government, in the years 1835, 1836, and 1837; preceded by geographical and historical notices of the regions situated between the rivers Nile and Indus. In four volumes. With fourteen maps and charts, and embellished with ninety-seven plates, besides numerous wood-cuts. Volume the first.' [‎5] (46/905)

CHAP. I.]
ITS TRIBUTARIES.
5
east, and the Pasha An Ottoman title used after the names of certain provincial governors, high-ranking officials and military commanders. and Kartal Taghs on the west. The
Halys receives in this part of its course many small tributaries,
such as the Kalichi su (Sword River), or the river of Kirshehr,
which flows from the Boz Tagh, the Kerwan Serai Tagh, and
the Kara Goz hills; 1 and is probably the Cappadox river of The Cappadox
Pliny. 2 The river now runs nearly N.E., between the Enkun ofPliny '
(Angora) and Sivas districts; and at Cheshni Kopri, 3 a remark
able mass of sienitic rocks oppose themselves to the progress of 1
the water, by forming a partial barrier at the foot of the Begrek
Tagh. Having overcome this obstacle by passing a succession
of rapids, the river runs nearly north through a hilly country
and into a great valley, in which, on the eastern side, it
receives the Deliah su (Mad Water), or river of Yuz-Kat,
with several minor streams. At the termination of this
valley the river enters into one more spacious, called Osman-
jik, in which it receives, from the eastern side, the small
tributary, Kerchak-chai. Just below Osmanjik the river
turns N.W., and enters the heart of the Kush Tagh by a
narrow and deep ravine, everywhere hemmed in by steep and
lofty acclivities, having abrupt cliffs above them. It opens for
a moment immediately north of Hajji Hamsa, to receive, on
the western side, the waters of the Devrek-chai. 4 This stream, The Devrek
which seems to be the ancient Doros, has its source below the tHbuteries.
rude and hilly district of Karaiiler and Kara Viran (Black
Ruin) ; a country of basaltic and igneous rocks, which extend
across from the slopes of the Kush Tagh to those of the A1
Goz Tagh. Several tributary streams here conspire to fertilize
the land and enrich the villages, especially in the vale of
Tosiyah, which is one of the best cultivated and most pro
ductive in Asia Minor, 5 abounding with gardens and the
country-houses of the principal inhabitants.
After receiving the Devrek-chai, the Kizil Irmak enters
the almost impracticable glens of the A1 Goz Tagh, below
which, within a very circumscribed space, it receives also,
1 Ainswohh's MS. 2 Lib. VI., c. 3.
3 Cheshni Kdpri, properly CMsnigir, the King's taster.—Mr. Renouard,
Vol. X. Part III., p. 283, of Journal of the Royal Geographical Society.
4 MS. of Mr. Ainsworth on the Halys, &c. * Ibid.