"دليل بلاد فارس، المجلد I ويشمل محافظات أستراباد، شاهرود-بوستان، خراسان، وسيستان" [و‎‎٢‎٨‎٣] (٧٢٢/٥٧٢)

tribe or village supplies its quota. This distribution, however, is a purely
arbitiaiy one, there being no fixed proportion between the number of soldiers
and that of inhabitants. Some districts are heavily taxed in this respect, and
others lightly or not at all. It is generally left to the villagers themselves to
choose the leciuits. I he men of a village divide themselves or are divided into
so many sets or sections as there are soldiers in the village quota. Each sec
tion then chooses its lecruit, with whom it enters into an agreement to pay him
01 his family so much per mensem while he is serving with the colours. This
local payment (which .has nothing to do with the pay given by government)
is called khanahwari, or home pay, and varies according to the wealth of the
village fiom 3 to 20 tumans (1^. 2s. to 7/.) per annum, the average being
about 8 or 10 tumans, say ol. 10s. The amount is a matter of private
arrangement. In some degree, therefore, the actual soldiers are volunteers.
Once chosen and accepted, the soldier serves for an indefinite period until
death, or discharge on account of unfitness.
IS. The officers (regarding whom no conditions of education or efficiencv
are exacted) are also local people, their appointment and promotion being
practically in the hands of the sartip, or chief of the regiment, who
usually dispenses his patronage by sale.
19. The regiment consists of eight companies, and has usually the follow
ing complement of officers :—
1 sartip (usually translated ‘ general,’ but more nearly corresponding with ‘colonel ’).
1 sarhang (lieutenant-colonel).
2 yawars (majors.)
1 adjudan (adjutant).
8 sultans (captains).
8 naib-i-awal (1st lieutenants).
8 naib-i-diiwam (2nd lieutenants).
8 begzadah (ensigns).
20. As the regimental officers are generally without technical knowledge,
the instruction of the embodied regiments is left entirely in the hands of
drill instructors, of whom there are at present four officers and three
non-commissioned officers of Austrian infantry; one officer and one non
commissioned officer of Austrian artillery; two Italian infantry officers;
four officers and six non-commissioned officers of Russian Cossacks; and
about 60 young Persian officers trained by the recent Austrian detachment.
All the Europeans, and most of the Persians, are employed in Tihran; and
the remainder of the Persians with the other garrisons, Tabriz, Isfahan,
Karmanshah, &c.
21. For drill purposes the regiment is divided into four c gurnhans/ or divi
sions, each commanded by an instructor (muallfm) ; while another instruc
tor has charge of the whole. These f gurnhans 3 (division in the old French
sense of the word) are not necessarily double companies, but are merely
fourths of the battalion on parade. The system of drill does not in any
way correspond with the administrative division of the regiment in com
panies ; and the regimental officers have little or nothing to do with it.
Nou-commissioned officers. 22. Each company has—■
1 valdl-i-awal (senior sergeant).
2 vakfl-i-duwam (sergeants).
4 sarjuga (corporals).