"معاملات الجمعية الجغرافية في بومباي. من يناير ١٨٦٣ حتى ديسمبر ١٨٦٤. (تحرير السكرتير.) المجلد XVII." [‎٢‎٦‎٠] (٥٢٤/٤٣٧)

260 OBSERVATIONS AND ENQUIRIES MADE DURING A
the interior are as independent as il no Portuguese settlement existed
on the coast.
23. It is not my intention to enter into a detailed history of Mo
zambique, but I may be permitted to narrate very briefly the most
salient incidents connected with the colonization of this province by the
Portuguese.
24. The squadron of Yaseo de Gama visited the Quillimane river in
November 14.98, and in March following it touched at Mozambique,
where a few Arab traders from the Red Sea were found engaged in
trading for gold and ivory. It subsequently visited Mombassa and
Melindo, where it procured pilots who took it to India. Yasco de Gama
touched at Sofalla on his second voyage, and afterwards induced the
Chief of Kilwa to become tributary of Portugal. A fort was erected
here by Almeida, the first Yiceroy of India in 1505, and in the same
year the first Government of the East African Coast was instituted under
the title of the Captaincy of Sofalla.
25. In 1508, a fort was built at Mozambique, and the entire Por
tuguese possessions in the East were divided into three Governorships,
of which one extended from Cape Corrientes to Cape Guardafui.
26. In 1569, three ships with 1,000 armed men, of whom many
were nobles, and all volunteers, sailed from Portugal for the conquest
of the gold mines. The expedition ascended the Zambazi as far as Sena j
but the natives exasperated at the cruelties inflicted on them, so har-
rassed it, that it was compelled to retire. It subsequently reached the
gold mines from Sofalla, but the party were so disgusted at the small
returns which an infinite amount of labour produced, that they speedily
abandoned them.
27. In 1585, the Turks made a descent on Zanzibar and its coasts,
killing many Portuguese, but a fleet from India brought speedy retribu
tion and destroyed several towns with all their inhabitants. The Turks
made a second descent in 1589, and were well received at Magdeshooa.
An armada sent against them found the Turkish fleet at Mombassa and
destroyed both the ships and the town, and having made an example
of the Chiefs who had assisted the Turks, it returned to India.
28- In the beginning of the 17th century the Dutch pirates appeared
in the seas of Eastern Africa, and blockaded Mozambique in 1607 and
1608, on both ot which occasions they were repulsed.