"تقرير عسكري عن بلاد الرافدين (العراق)" [و‎‎٤‎٣] (٢٢٦/٩٠)

J UBUR.
(Arabs of Tel Afar District.)
Lhe Jubur Arabs, who exist in settled communities in
the political district of Tel Afar, were originally
members of the main Jubur tribe of the Khabur.
, The y R 1 g sedentary cultivators whose sole concern is
with their own parochial affairs. During the Tel Afar
disturbances in 1920 the Jubur of the Homaidat and
Zummar Nahiyahs resisted the Sharifian forces and stood
by the Government. Politically they desire a strong
Government, which will ensure the protection of their
crops and flocks from the Shammar Jarba. They are
sceptical that an Arab Government will ever effect this,
and are thus very eager that British administration
should be direct.
The most important personality in the Jubur of this
district is Shaikh Shahir, who dwells in Zummar. His
loyalty has been doubted, but he certainly did stand firm
lor the British in 1920, when most of his neighbours
were wavering. He does not exercise paramount control
over the various villages, which usually follow their
respective “ Mukhtars,” or headmen.
All the Jubur villages could be extensively damaged
from the air. Punitive measures could, therefore, take
this form or could be effected by a regiment of cavalry
operating against their villages.
Note. There are no sections. Zummar, etc., indicate
the geographical location of villages.