"دليل بلاد فارس. مجلد I" [ظ‎‎٣‎٨‎٤] (٨٢٠/٧٩٣)

742
YAN—YAN
Number of Mess charac- This gives a total of 7,000 families in Persian
ters. territory. Of these the Karguzar of Bujnurd
estimated the lawless characters at only 300, and the chief of Bujnurd,
from whom he got the information, having himself been Governor of
the Yamuts, ought to know something about them.
Personally I think this a fair estimate, and were all these 300 men given
regular service under a competent governor, I see no reason why they
should not be controlled without much difficulty.
No Persian troops that I have seen are fit to be trusted with the garri
soning of Turkoman country. Those at Ak Kaleh are said to be practically
prisoners within the walls of their post, and they cannot even ensure the
safety of their communications with Astarabad, although within sight
of it.
The Persian Government have already enlisted Yamut Turkoman levies.
. The Diaji have a service of 50 savars.
amut evies. The Khan of the Daz section has a service of
60 savars with three Yuzbashls under him, and each savdr receives
20 tumdns per annum as pay from the Persian Government.'
Aneh Khan Ja’afarbai has the rank of (Colonel) from the Persian
Government and a service of 50 savdrs, who are supposed to get 22 £ tumdns
each per annum, but this they do not seem to get.
The employment of Turkoman levy savdrs by the Persian Government
is a step in the right direction, but even this is of no use so long as they
have not a governor who can control the levies.— (C. E. Yate, 1894 ; Astar
abad Trade Report, 1909.)
YAN CHASHMEH— Elev. 2,900'.
A small spring in the side of a hill, in the Bujnurd district of Khorasan
between Raz and Muhammadabad, being 12 miles from the former and
8 miles from the latter. This spring is said to have been a favourite re
sort of Turkoman raiders in olden days.
The country looks bare and brown, and can be ridden over anywhere.
The tops of the hills are covered with small dry grass, and the sides and
ravines only are sprinkled with bushes and small junipers.— {G. E. Yate.)
YANG—
A village containing 20 families to the east of the road, from Mashkan
to the Ma’dan villages, in the NIshapur district of Khorasan.— {H. M.
Temple.)
YANGl KALEH (No. 1 )— Lat. 37° 52' 0"; Long. 57° ±Y 0"—(Intelligence
Division, War Office)}
A pass in Kurdish Khorasan to the north of Shirvan. It is the main
route thence to the Atak, 30 miles distant, and is said to be passable for
guns, but not easier than the other roads in this district.— (Napier.)
YANGl KALEH (No. 2)— Lat. 37° 46' 0"; Long. 57° 41' 0"; Elev. 4,600—
(Yate).
Yangi Kaleh is the head-quarters of the Kuskatneh or north-west
d,strict of KSehan, which comprises all the villages, some 33 in number