"كتيّب الجزيرة العربية. المجلد I. ١٩١٧" [‎٣‎٢‎١] (٧٤٨/٣٣٠)

ISLANDS
321
or Manamah fort, the Sheikh's summer residence, a large bastioned
structure, standing in the open plain between the town and the
date gardens behind it; a well-built house rather farther inland,
belonging to Sheikh Hamid, the heir apparent, and a further large
house, near the SW. end, formerly occupied by another member of
the ruling family. With the exception of the new Jami' mosque,
places of worship are mostly unpretentious. The former villages
of RasRummrln (or Farlq Hamidah) and Na'lm now form
suburbs ; the first covers a point of the same name beyond the
British Agency, and is inhabited by pearl-divers, fishermen, and
ferrymen serving the strait to Muharraq; the second, at the west end,
is inhabited by poor Bahdrinah occupied in boat-building and pearl-
fishing.
The population of Manamah and its suburbs is about 25,000, of
whom three-fifths are Sunnis and the remainder Shiahs ; the former,
who show a noticeable infusion of negro blood, include 5,000
about 400 Arabs from Koweit, Hasa, and Nejd, 1,000 Arabs of
uncertain origin, 500 'Utub, and more than 2,000 negroes, enslaved
and free ; the Shiahs are composed of 12,000 of Bahrein,
1,250 Bahdrinah from Hasa and Qatif, 1,500 Persians, and a few
Arabs from Basra. The Arabs from Nejd are mostly Wahabite.
The small non-Mohammedan residue of a few hundred souls consists
of Hindus, Jews, and Oriental Christians.
Drinking-water is obtained from a well called sunk
in the coral rock between the British Agency and the American
Mission, and from a cistern called about a mile W. of the
fort, filled by the surplus water of several springs. These are used
by the poorer inhabitants ; the first is brackish, the second con
taminated by ablution of men and animals. Other inhabitants buy
their drinking-water from camel-men of Rifa' esh-Sharqi and Rifa'
el-Gharbi, who bring it for sale from the wells in their villages (see
above). For washing purposes water can be reached anywhere
at about 6 feet, and almost every house has its well. For the trade
of the port see p. 314 f. The town and suburbs possess about 150
pearling and other boats. The date-groves beyond the fort begin
the large belt already mentioned. The number of trees belonging
to the town proper is limited to about 500; a rather larger number
belong to the suburb of Na'im el-Kebirah. There is a British
Indian post office.
Should Manamah be used as a temporary base for troops, the
best site for a camp would be on the east side of the plain behind
the town, where perhaps a division could be accommodated. Dis
embarkation can be carried out in three places, at the beach of
ARABIA I Y