"كتيّب الجزيرة العربية. المجلد I. ١٩١٧" [‎٢‎١‎٢] (٧٤٨/٢٢١)

212
ADEN AND THE INTERIOR
The town stands at the head of an open, high lying valley extend
ing about ten miles from north to south and having an average
width of three miles. Much of the valley is well watered and
wooded, and the ground, right up to the town, is terraced for culti
vation. The place is the centre of a great number of caravan
routes and minor tracks. Many of these, however, are steep and
difficult, especially towards the north, and the approaches to the
town, in general, are far from easy.
2. Jalilah is a village of tall, clean, solid, stone-built houses,
some running to four storeys, and is one of the most populous settle
ments of the district. It is poised on a hill over 300 ft. above the
surrounding plain, and is an important caravan halt on routes
between Aden and Yemen. An indigo-dye industry is carried on.
It has a fort and round tower, near the Turkish frontier.
vii. 'Alawi, a small tribe occupying territory between that of the
Amiri on the north and the Haushabi on the south. The whole
tract does not, probably, exceed 40 sq. miles in extent, and the
population is estimated at 1,500. In January 1916 they are said
to have submitted to the Turks, together with their neighbours, the
Quteibi, with whom they are on unfriendly terms. Suleiq, 55 miles
north of Aden, is their chief town, and comprises two villages, one
on the right bank of the Hardaba, below a defensible ' serai
generally known as Fort Suleiq, and another on a ridge about 400
yards away and situated considerably higher than the fort.
With regard to the character of the tribes of the maritime hills,
as a whole, contrasted with those of the littoral, a recent traveller
says : ' They are the scourge of the lowlands and the pariahs of the
more organized races farther north. Treacherous, dishonest, and
covetous—without the courage and cohesion for open raids driven
home by the force of arms, they waylay and murder the defenceless
travellers, and will even betray the guest they have undertaken to
protect. They steal cattle and other stock at night—prefemng
speedy beasts such as saddle-camels, and, lacking in expert h orse '
manship, rely on stealth and cunning rather than dash and boldness.
All the same they are stubborn fighters, especially if the day is
going against them—fighting desperately and with judgement when
cornered, and are skilful skirmishers and possess remarkabe
mobility. They carry on guerilla warfare with effect, harass troop^
by incessant sniping, but decline open engagement and are cleve
at ambuscade. They are difficult for ordinary Europeans
handle and are not a reliable type or satisfactory for ai
service.' tww -
{b) Tribal Confederations beyond the limits of the Aden xr