"استطلاعات في بلاد الرافدين وكردستان وشمال غرب بلاد فارس ولرستان في الفترة من أبريل إلى أكتوبر ١٨٨٨، كتبها المقدم ف. ر. مونسيل، فرع الاستخبارات. يوجد مجلدان. المجلد الأول: تقرير سردي ووصف للمدن الكبرى والطرق المؤدية منها. شيملا: فرع الاستخبارات، إدارة قائد الإمداد والتموين، ١٨٩٠" [و‎‎١‎٠‎٢] (٣١٢/٢٠٨)

157
20th June.—General direction, W. and N.W. Left Zakho at 5-30 A.M.
As the northern arm of the river was scarcely yet fordable for loaded mules,
we had to go up the left bank, cross at the old bridge there, and return along
the right bank until opposite the town again. ^ c ^ i -l
The road follows the general direction of the river west ot Zakho.
A flat plain, 5 to 6 miles broad, of rich loamy soil, extends north-west and
north to the foot of the Judi Dagh.
The Judi Dagh is a steep wooded range, the first outlier of the lofty moun
tains of Buhtan and Hakkiari which lie beyond it. There is a local tradition
that it was the original resting-place of the Ark, and there is a small shnne
at the summit to which an annual pilgrimage is made. .
Hazil River .—At 9| miles reached the left bank of the Hazil river near the
small village of Dornoch. This is the largest tributary of the Khabur rising
east of Shernakh Dagh, and is a collection of several streams from the Halakur
Dagh, Awrakh Dagh, and the north slopes of the Shostheh Dagh andDabazir
Dagh Route XI.) . , , .. , i
'it emerges from a rocky gorge in the Judi Dagh, 4 miles distant, beat-
• ^ 30°
It flows in several channels over a gravelly bed 200 to 300 yards wide.
The principal channel was 80 yards wide and 3 feet deep, with a rapid current,
difficult to .ford. A guide was procured from Dornoch; otherwise it would
be impossible to cross. Ten days ago the mail had to be taken across on a
Alono- the bank we saw six encampments of about 600 tents of Hajan. Kurds,
on their way for the summer to the mountains at the head-waters of t e
Hazil. The water from the river is utilized in canals to irrigate the plain to a
certain extent. Passed some large fields of Indian-corn, now about a foot high.
The large Christian villages of the Tal Khabbin and Wasit lie at the toot
of the Judi Dagh, about 4 miles to the north-west. Near them are some large
orchards and some cultivation. . . w
Nahrawan. —After 19^ miles along abroad easy road over the plain. V\ e
halted in the small Christian village of Nahrawan by a small stream. Indian-
corn, wheat, and barley were the chief crops on the plain.
Fever, ague, and opthalmia were much complained of,^ and the people
looked poor and wretched. Girki Budru and Takian are two Christian \illages
in the plain to the south-west. ioao
From here the higher bluifs of the Derebun plateau bears 17o to 18U .
I met Mr. Annesley here, an American Missionary, on his way from Marnin
21st June —General direction N.N.W. Left Nahrawan at 4-0 a.m., head
ing nearly west across the plain. Reach at 3^ miles the edge of a low terrace
bordering the Tigris, and the road dipping into the flat alongside the riverbed,
here about a mile wide (1,130'). .
The line of telegraph coming from Derebun rejoined here. Low gravelly
hills come down on either bank. The road follows the river bank, an easy
Jam Sharaf.' —At 5| miles crossed a large stream from the Judi Dagh
to the north-east.
On the right bank of it is a ruined fort called Jam Sharaf on a knoll over
looking the river. Near it was a small village and some extensive fruit
orchards, with two mills and a fine grove of poplars along the stream.
Beyond the village the road leads along the foot of some gravelly cliffs, 60
to 80 feet high, bordering the Tigris.