"استطلاعات في بلاد الرافدين وكردستان وشمال غرب بلاد فارس ولرستان في الفترة من أبريل إلى أكتوبر ١٨٨٨، كتبها المقدم ف. ر. مونسيل، فرع الاستخبارات. يوجد مجلدان. المجلد الأول: تقرير سردي ووصف للمدن الكبرى والطرق المؤدية منها. شيملا: فرع الاستخبارات، إدارة قائد الإمداد والتموين، ١٨٩٠" [و‎‎٥‎٥] (٣١٢/١١٤)

They roam over all the country between Sulaimaniali and the Mosul-
Baghdad road between Altun Keupriand Kifri. They are said not to number
more than 500 families altogether.
Parties of them took refuge over the Persian frontier near Zohab a few
years ago, but their chief, Jan Mir, at Kasr-i-Shirin, was killed by the Persian
Government last year, and the Turks at Sulaimaniah have also made efforts
to put them down. At present they are quiet, most of their chiefs being
removed ; but they still rob and burn isolated villages, and probably in a few
years they will again be to the front.
Jaf Kurds.-^-These are a very large nomad tribe, numbering quite 6,000
tents. In winter they occupy the undulating country to the east and north
east of Kifri as far as the Diala.
Muhammad Pasha, chief of the Jafs, has a large house on the Diala near
Shaikh Said (xee Route V), where he spends the winter. In summer he
usually stays in Hallabja.
Their yailak, or summer quarters, are in Persia on the slopes of the Kuh-i-
Chahil Chashma, about midway between Sakiz and Sihna. Snow remains all
the summer on these hills, and good pasturage can be found. (See Route
XVI.) * r a v
In the district round Juanro, between Karmanshah and Sulaimaniah, are a
large number of Jafs under Habbi Beg of Juanro. They are Snnis, and talk
Kermanji and Persian.
In the mountain districts between Sulaimaniah and Banah are several
small Kurdish tribes, mostly sedentary. Along the Diala valley north of
Khanikin are some villages of Baghilaus and Turkmans.
Route No. VII.—Sulaimaniah to Rawanduz.
Stages.
Hours
marching.
Distance,
IN MILES.
Rate of
marching
in miles
per hour.
Inter
mediate.
Total.
Verankoz
475
18
18
379
Serdasht ... ...
o'OO
16
34
3-20
Gulnari
6-25
17
61
272
Rania
875
24’5
75-5
2-80
Golan ... ...
675
17
92-5
2-95
Nalkewan
575
26
118-5
2-60
Rawanduz
7*00
20
138-5
295
16 th May —General Direction, N.W. Left Sulaimaniah (2,550'), and took
a broad track leading in a direction N.N.W. across a grassy undulating
country, fertile but little cultivated. The valley was bounded on the south by
a continuation of the Gilzerda Dagh, and on the north by hills gradually rising
to the Pir-a-Magdurin Peak.
Sirckinar .—At Sf miles we passed the Sirchinar spring. A stream, 10
yards wide and 2 feet deep, was formed, and came bubbling up out of the
gravel soil. The water-supply of the Sulaimaniah plain is remarkably good.
m 2