"دليل بلاد فارس، الجزء III، وهو يتضمن محافظة فارس، لورستان، عربستان، خوزستان، يزد، كرمانشاه، أردلان، كردستان" [و‎‎٢‎١‎٤] (٦٨٦/٤٣٢)

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Bushahr to Shiraz to avoid the descent of this pass, which is terrible
for a train of artillery :—On descending Pirzan turn to the right
through the valley of Dasht-I-Blr of Abdul, cross the plain of Chanush-
jan which communicates with it, and thence pass into that of Shah-
pur which forms part of the vale of Kazrun. This circuitous road
has the shape of a horseshoe, and presents no obstacles for the transit
of baggage, but it is 45 miles in length, while the other is only about
15 or 16 miles. Clerk also thinks that the road, instead of scaling
the highest and most precipitous mountain of the range, might have
avoided this pass by going a little more to the south; and Taylor
mentions a road that goes from Kazrun by the Tang-i-Turkan, and
striking north-west passes the village of Nadun about half-way. This
road is longer, 48 miles, the one by the pass being 32 only. Rich
describes the road as most skilfully constructed, buttressed, levelled,
and parapeted so as not to alarm the most timid, and broad enough to
allow of several mules abreast. It was in thorough repair and, he
considered, almost worth coming to see.
(Monteith —Be Bode — Tay lor — Clerk — Hardy .)
MacGregor says this pass rises about 500 feet (Stack 1,000) in 2
miles, and is all built up with retaining walls. The gradients are
not, as a rule, severe for hills, but the roadway is simply execrable, the
lime of the original paving having broken away. Nevertheless a deter
mined leader could get guns up, and without very much labour the road
might be much improved. The heights above afford an exceedingly
strong position, as stated above; but the hills to the right and left
are certainly practicable for light infantry, and the pass could be
turned.
This pass is one of the difficulties of the Bushah^’-Shiraz trade
route. {MacGregor.)
KOTAL-I-GIASH—Lat. Long. Fdev.
A pass through which the road runs from Bushahr to Kazrun just
before it enters the Kazrun plain. From it a fine view of the Shah-
pur plain can be obtained. {MacGregor.)
KOTAL-I-KUMARIJ—Lat. Long. Elev.
A pass in Fars, 85 miles, on the road from Bushahr to Shiraz. It
is described as very steep, and obstructed by fragments of rock, fallen
from the mountain’s side, about which the road winds, sometimes
through chasms so narrow as scarcely to admit a loaded mule, and at
many turns impending over torrents and abysses, where one false step
must precipitate the traveller into destruction. It is 1,400 feet above
the plain below. The ascent takes nearly five hours by a narrow preci
pitous road, supported by a wall on the lower side, and altogether so diffi
cult that, if adequately defended, it could scarcely be forced by an army
till turned by another road, but guns have been carried across it.
[Ouseley — Monteith — Chesney.)
There are excellent positions for signalling all up the pass, vide
Kumarij. {MacGregor.)
KOTAL-I-M ALTT—Lat. Long. Elev.
A pass in Fars, 63 miles, on the road from Bushahr to Kdzrun.