"سرد لرحلة إلى موقع مدينة بابل في ١٨١١، طُبعت الآن لأول مرة: مذكرات على الأطلال؛ مع نقوش من الخرائط المدبئية للمؤلف: ملاحظات على طبوغرافية بابل القديمة،بقلم الرائد رينيل؛ في إشارة إلى المذكرات: مذكرات ثانية على الأطلال؛ في إشارة إلى ملاحظات الرائد رينيل: مع سرد لرحلة إلى برسبوليس: طُبعت الآن لأول مرة، مع كتابات مسمارية نسخت في برسبوليس ولم تُنشر من قبل: كتبها الراحل كلوديوس جيمس ريتش، المحترم، المقيم البريطاني السابق لشركة الهند الشرقية في بغداد. حررته أرملته." [‎١‎١‎٦] (٤٧٤/٢٠٤)

116
ON THE TOPOGRAPHY OF
to prove that the mound must have been artificial;
for the quantity of rain-water that could possibly fall
on so limited a space as the area of the mound^
would not have worn away a natural hill in so great
a degree.*
Little more, therefore, need be said in respect of
the probability of this venerable ruin being the
Tower of Belus ; of a date possibly that may remount
almost to the earliest period of post-diluvian history.
But although Mr. Rich's description affords full
conviction, our curiosity is by no means yet satisfied.
It is very possible that a part of the remains of
the external walling now seen may be of a date
long subsequent to that of the erection of the Tower.
The semicircular mound of earth, described by Mr.
Rich (page 58), and which embraces the principal
remains, within a diameter of about 2i miles, appears
to have been the rampart of a Babylon, of
reduced dimensions, but of whose history we know
nothing. It may clearly be seen by the Flan and
description (p. 17), that the termination of this ram
part, northward, pointsdrectly the south
eastern angle of the Mujelibe, (and appears to have
actually joined it, according to Mr. Rich's account,)
thus making it serve the purpose of a
* It must certainly be taken into the account, that the ground ad-
jacent to this ruin must have been raised by the matter washed down
from it by the rain; particularly on the west side. Yet the south
east angle is still more than 140 feet above the plain. The height of
the other parts we are not told. Much more is required to be known
concerning it.