"مُلخّص المراسلات المتعلّقة بشؤون زنزبار من ١٨٥٦ إلى ١٨٧٢." أعدّه النقيب ب. د. هندرسون، الملحق بالإدارة الخارجية" [و‎‎١‎٣‎٠] (١١٤/٩٩)

m
\Z.i
a*
i
Slave Trade-
Lrabian coast a feeling of the
is a Christian's life safe beyond
i a feelin«r of insecurity was
to collapse."
unauthorized destruction
k exception to the state-
an explanation, defended
ptain Oldfield, himself a
mzibar. He further in-
royed by the Lidon for
to the amount of £5,771,
s of Iler Majesty's ship
;ye-witness of the affair, says
ty which enrages the Natives
If/ I could enumerate other
jient, and I have no desire to
lorgon, Colonel Playfair
s, will not be content to abide
whether it is right that he
the capture, and whose social
))
putation of adopting the
ide against him by the
5 cordial support in the
iless, wished to see carried
1 deny that ' arbitrary acts'
been fearlessly reported that
, that the recollection of them
; set forth
6 8f 207.)
in Colonel
3 trade .—The following
by Colonel Playfair to
-es adopted for the sup-
closed, and their results.
ns daring all the years over
ping the slave trade, and from
q saving that nothing, we can
e put sufficient pressure, the
aent that pressure is removed,
as ever.
slaverv, and the manners and
d expect that they will ever
ve possessed them ever since
in which slaves do not occupy
;ligion; such a thing as civil
a ; and I fear that no efforts of
j name excites in a Christian
J- m ^
" There is one thing to be said in favor of slavery amongst Arabs, and that is that no
class of the community is so happy, so free from care, and so well treated, as the Mahomedan
slave; nine out of ten would hardly regard freedom as a boon; and, but for our intervention,
which compels slavers to resort to all kinds of expedients to procure cargoes, the suffering of
the slaves after their arrival on the coast would be hardly appreciable.
" But it is that word after which says so much; we shall never known the amount of
sufferins-, the severance of family ties, and the misery resulting from the depopulation of large
tracts of country, which is caused by the pursuit of slaves in the interior of Africa "— {Political,
A, July 1865, Nos. 125 ^ 126.^
107. P rotest of S ultan against interference with vessels in Z an
zibar waters .—Consequent on the destruction of a dhow in Zanzibar waters,
and the detention of another in the vicinity of Pemba Island, Syed Majid, in
September 1866, protested against the interference in any way with vessels in
the Zanzibar waters by Her Majesty's cruisers employed in the slave trade.
In addition to this the Sultan preferred a claim—
" to the whole area of water included within lines drawn parallel to the African coast, north
and south from the outside, or eastern shores of Pemba and Zanzibar islands, to Cape Delgado
and Lamoo."
Dr. Seward informed His Highness that, pending a reference to Govern
ment—
" the extent of his territorial waters must be regulated by an appeal to international usage
that to demand the discontinuance of the tight of search within the wide limits of his claim,
was in effect to demand our abandonment of the treaty."
Lord Stanley replied—
" The three engagements which, taken together, contain the positive international obli
gations of the Sultan of Zanzibar to Her Majesty, are the
treaty of 184-5,* the formal concession of 1850,t and the
engagement of 18634 By these instruments Her Majesty's
ships may seize and confiscate Zanzibar slavers generally on
the high seas, and also vessels transporting slaves from port
to port in the Zanzibar dominions during January, February,
. March, and April, and Her Majesty's ships may enter creeks,
rivers, and harbours in Zanzibar territories ' from Songhe Manara to Tonghe' fur the purpose
of destroying slavers.
"Now, if this last engagement be binding, which Her Majesty s Government consider it
to be the question of the inviolability of the territorial waters within this limits does not
arise.' With respect toother territorial waters, upon general principles of international law,
the Sultan is not entitled to claim jurisdiction beyond three miles from the shore; and Her
Maiestv's Government do not consider that His Highness's claim to the lai^er area of waters
mentioned in your despatch can be supported either by usage, or by reasons arising from the
natural configuration of the coast."
The Political Agent was, therefore, directed to inform the Sultan that—
"in no event can Her Majesty's Government recognize his right to a wider claim over
territorial waters than the usual limit of three miles from the shore; and that, when His
Hiffhness fulfils that part of his engagement which binds him to suppress in every way the
slave trade Her Majesty's Government will consider whether, consistently with their sole
obiect the suppression of'the slave trade, they can abandon the practice sanctioned by such
lon£ usage, and never before complained of, of capturing slavers in the waters of
Zanzibar."
Before Lord Stanley's reply could reach the Political Agent, a further
protest against the proceedings of Her Majesty's cruisers was made by the
Sultan .~(Po^w?«Z, A, June 1867, Xos. 39 ^ 40.)
108. P olitical A gent urges withdrawal of slave squadron from
Z vnzxb\r waters .—In the meantime. Dr. Seward had addressed a letter to
91
♦ Vide Appendix C.
f Vide Appendix D.
I This is the engagement alluded to
in paragraph 103. No copy of it is
traceable in the records of the Gov
ernment of India [vide concluding
portion of paragraph 308.)