"رحلات في آشور، ميديا، وبلاد فارس، بما في ذلك رحلة من بغداد مروراً بجبل زاغروس وصولاً إلى حمدان، في أكباتانا القديمة، والبحوث في أصفهان وأطلال برسبوليس، ورحلة منها مروراً بشيراز وشابور وصولاً إلى ساحل البحر. وصف البصرة، بوشهر، البحرين، هرمز، ومسقط، وسرد لحملة ضد قراصنة الخليج العربي، مع رسومات توضيحية لرحلة بحرية لنيرتشوس، والمرور ببحر العرب إلى بومباي. [‎٥‎٢‎٦] (٥٨٢/٥٥٧)

526
DEPARTURE FROM MUSCAT FOR BOMBAY.
masts, sails, and ropes, as well as the orders of command in evo
lutions, are, as in India, a mixture of Arabic, Persian, Hindee,
Dutch, Portuguese, and English; so that the Hindoostanee of a
country ship is quite intelligible to them all. Besides the terms
common to the vessels of India, I remarked some here, which were
evident remains of Portuguese domination, as c Bandeira, Bussola,
and Armada,' for flag, compass, and squadron; which are called
in Hindoostanee, 4 Bowta, Compaz, and Jhoondin Arabic,
4 Beirak, Deira, and Singar and in Persian, 4 Alum, Doora, and
Sengar.'
D ec 5. With a strong and favourable breeze, we left Muscat
and continued our course in the Vestal, under all sail for Bom
bay, after parting with the Challenger, who remained at the former
port. At noon we observed in lat. 24° % north, and were in
long. 58° 40' east, with the visible extremes of the Arabian land
very distant, from south half-east to south-south-west. At 5. SO.
p. m . we opened a remarkable valley, or depression in the hills,
called by sailors the Devil's Gap, and forming a conspicuous
mark for navigators on this coast. It is in lat. about 23° 20'
north, and is distant nearly eleven leagues from Muscat, in a
south-easterly direction, so that it serves to mark the approach to
that port.
The coast of Arabia, from Ras-el-Had, near the entrance to the
Persian Gulf, to Bab-el-Mandeb, at the entrance to the Red Sea,
is very little known indeed to Europeans. I had occasion, in the
year 1815, to make a voyage along a great part of it, in a ship be
longing to a Mohammedan merchant, called by the orthodox name
of 4 Suffenut-ul-Russool,' or Messenger of the Prophet; during
which I had an opportunity of verifying some positions, and add
ing to the illustrations of the ancient Periplus of the Erythrean
Sea. Some of these, which relate more particularly to the eastern
portions of the tract near Ras-el-Had, may therefore be appro
priately introduced here, as belonging to the hydrographical illus-