"الجغرافيا الشرقية لابن حوقل، رحّالة عربي من القرن العاشر" [‎٤] (٣٨٨/٥٧)

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possessed themselves of the countries above enumerated; such as
Rourriy Natolia; and Sham, Syria; and Misr,
Egypt; and ^j>JcXj( Andalus, Andalusia or Spain; and
Magreh, the west (part of Africa), and part of Hindoos tan;
and the territories of 0^*2^ Mansoureh, as far as Multan ;
and Kahulistan; and the borders of ^ 11'^ Tolc-
harestan; and of C/ieen, China orTartary; and ^ i^Lo
orTransoxania. The author says, that he reckons,
as belonging to Roum, the borders of <^-00^ Siklab, Scla-
vonia; of (j^jj Rous, Russia, Serir, and ^1 Allan, and
Armen, Armenia, where the Christian religion is professed ;
and he places, as belonging to Hindoostan, Sind, and ^v ^LJ^
Cashmere, and part of Tibet. " As for the land of blacks,
in the west (Africa), and the Zingians, ^Ethiopians, and
such tribes (says the author), I make but slight mention of them
in this book ; because, naturally loving wisdom, ingenuity, religion,
justice, and regular government, how could I notice such people
as those, or exalt them by inserting an account of their countries ?
Yet one race of them has some degree of civilization and religious
observance, the Nubians, and ^1x^x2^ tiabbeshians,
Abbyssinians: the reason of this is, their vicinity to the other
more polished countries; thus aj y Nubia and Habbesheh,
Abyssinia, are situated on the borders of the Deryai
Kolzurn, the Sea of Kolzum, or Red Sea. Nothing farther can
be said in their favour."