"كتيّب بلاد الرافدين. المجلد II. ١٩١٧" [‎٦‎١] (٥٤٢/٧٠)

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KHOR 'ABDALLAH, &c.—ROUTES ^1C, IIA 61
to the Khor Zobeir : while another channel passing S. of Warbeh
connects with the Kh5r Ahdallah (see above). The Khor es-Sabiyeh
has depths of 1-5 fathoms. The southern approach over Dhorub
Flat is very shallow. The Mor is about ^—1 m. wide. Its banks
are swampy, but there are a good many boulders, especially on its
E. side. The desert route from Umm Qasr to Koweit 23 d)
runs along its W. shore. Landing at Qasr es-Sabiyeh at the corner
of Koweit Bay is difficult at all tides on account of mud.
The Khor eth-Tha'alab runs for about 6 m. W. and N. from
Warbeh Island with soundings of 6-9 fathoms. At 6 m. it divides,
one branch (the Khor Umm Qasr) running W. past Umm Qasr
(see Routes 23 a, b, d) with only 3-4 ft. of water at low tide, and
the other (the Khor Zobeir) running N. Vessels of 25 ft. draught
and 450 ft. length can navigate the Khor Zobeir up to this point, but
the channel is winding and navigation is not easy. The best landing-
place is about 3 m. S. of Umm Qasr and about 1 m. N. of a sharp E.
bend of the Mor. Here the slope of the bank is - jq , and at high tide
light-draught native craft or barges can come close to the shore,
which is firm from here to the higher ground 1 m. W., along which
the track runs. Farther N. the ground between shore and track is
soft. Above the Khor Umm Qasr the Khor Zobeir continues N. for
some 14 m. to Junction Island, being navigable thus far by vessels
of 20 ft. draught and 300 ft. length. Here the Mor divides, and the
main branch is navigable 5 m. farther, to Dwerat Island, for launches
of 6 ft. draught and 60 ft. length.
KOUTE IIA
THE NAVIGATION OF THE KARUN
Authorities : —Lorimer, Oasetteer of the Persia 1908 ;
1911; Persian Gulf Pilot, 1915 ; Readings of the Kama River Gauge at Ahwaz
(below the Rapids) ; and other information.
High and Low Water Seasons. —The Karun is liable to more
violent and irregular changes of level than the Mesopotamian rivers.
It is generally low water from August till towards the end of
November, though in the abnormal year 1914 there was a marked
rise at the end of October. In December-January there are usually
considerable rises, which, however, vary greatly in extent from year
to year. Towards the end of January or beginning of February the
river usually sinks, to rise again with the spring floods which begin
at the end of February or beginning of March. Very violent and