"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎١‎٠‎٨‎٥] (١٧٨٢/١٢٤٠)

jhiul
1 %ili»
1 Sli t
rllti
1085
to the Holy Cities, reserving a right to visit them freely on pilgrimage,
and by which he recognised the Sultan of Turkey as his overlord; the
Pasha on his part promised to withdraw from Qasim; and Hanakiyah
was made the boundary between the spheres of Egyptian and Wahhabi
political influence.* Tusun regained Madinah about the end of June
1815; his halt in Qasim had lasted exactly four weeks.
In August two Wahhabi envoys arrived in Cairo to obtain ratification Non-ratifica-
of the treaty, but they were eventually dismissed Avith an ambiguous
answer in which Muhammad ^Ali seemed to offer peace upon condition
that the W ahhabis should cede to him the province of Hasa upon the
Persian Gulf littoral. Tusun Pasha himself returned to Cairo on the
7th of November 1815 and met with a cold reception from his father.
tion of the
treaty.
5 wiiii
Second invasion of Qasim by the Egyptians, 1817-1818.
Matters remained in status quo for some months after this, chiefly in
consequence of a conviction on the part of M uhammad 'Ali that a descent
upon Egypt was meditated by Great Britain; but, as this fear passed
away, he began preparations for continuing the war in Arabia. Disturb
ances had broken out in southern Hijaz, and the Egyptian garrisons had
been obliged to retire from Bishah, Ranyah and Turabah. In August
1816 Ibrahim Pasha, the eldest son (or possibly a step-son) of Muham
mad 'Ali, left Cairo, having been provided with a force of 2,000 infantry
and 1 ,500 Libyan Bedouin horsemen and ordered, it was believed, to
advance from Madinah through Qasim to Dara'iyah.
A oonsideiable time elapsed, however, before Ibrahim Pasha could
give effect to his instructions; and it was not, apparently, until some
time in 1817 that he reached Hanakiyah, from which place, as a centre, he
commenced a series of raids upon the surrounding tribes. The Harb and
the 'Ataibah were among the Bedouins who suffered from these, and their
fate induced many to declare for the Egyptiana The next enterprise of
the Pasha was an expedition into the Jabal Shammar region, in which
the friendly Arabs were driven into action against the enemy by a body
Preparations
for the expe
dition, 1816.
Operations of
the Egyp
tians from
Hanakiyah.
• According to another account 'Abdullah also agreed to give hostages ; to hand over
Dara iyah to any governor whom the Sultan might appoint; to restore the treasure
plundered from Muhammad's tomb; and even to repair in person to Con-stant^ople
if required to do so.
M Hi
lih