"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎١‎٠‎٧‎١] (١٧٨٢/١٢٢٦)

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1071
who between them succeeded in rallying a few of the Egyptian cavalry.
The Sharif Ghalib, on learning what had befallen the Egyptians, pro
ceeded in person to join the \\ ahhabis j but the latter, soon aftei the
action at Jadaid. returned to the interior, leaving the Harb tribe to
watch Yanbo'.
In October 1812, having received large reinforcements from Egypt,
having conciliated part of the Harb tribe, and having been approached
by the Sharif Ghalib, who again offered, as he had done before, to hand
over Makkah and Jiddah to the Egyptians as soon as they should have
taken Madinah, Tusun Bey advanced once more against Mad in ah. This
time there was no resistance by the way ; but the inner or walled town
of Madinah, from which the Wahhabis had expelled the inhabitants in
order that they might occupy it themselves, held out for fourteen or
fifteen days. At length, a breach having been opened in the wall by
means of a mine as the Egyptian artillery was too light for the purpose,
the troops entered headed by Thomas Keith, killed about 1,000 of the
astonished Wahhabis, and plundered the town. About 1,500 of the
Wahhabis gained the citadel, in which they stood a siege of three weeks ;
but at the end of that time their provisions gave out and they surrendered
on favourable terms, which the Egyptians immediately violated by
killing as many of them as they could, — an act of perfidy that caufeed a
strong revulsion of feeling among the Bedouins in favour of the
Wahhabis. The skulls of the dead Wahhabis were collected by the
Egyptians and built into a tower upon the Yanbo' road, of which a
portion still remained in 1815 and was seen by the traveller Burckhardt.
On the fall of Madinah a force of 1,500 men under Mustafa Bey,
a brother-in-law of Muhammad 'Ali, marched from Yanbo' in the
direction of Makkah; the Sharif G halib favoured their advance ; and the
local Wahhabi leader, Ghalib's brother-in-law 'Othman-al-Madhaifah,
was too weak to oppose it. In January 1813 the Egyptians entered
Makkah, Jiddah being at the same time occupied by a detachment;
and a fortnight later Taif also, in the hills some 60 or 70 miles to the
eastward of Makkah, was taken by Mustafa Bey, assisted by the Sharif
Ghalib, after a slight skirmish with 'Othman. From Taif, Mustafa
Bey pushed on towards Turabah, to the east of Taif; but he was
defeated in the hills and returned, having lost 400 or 500 men. Tusun
Bey, now created Pasha of Jiddah, arrived at Makkah as a pilgrim in
the course of the winter; and later, in September 1313, 'Othman-al-
Madhaifah was taken prisoner near Taif and was sent to Constantinople,
where he was beheaded.
Madinah
taken by the
Egyptians,
1812.
Makkah,
Jiddah and
Taif occupied
by the Egyp-
tinns, 1813