"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎٧‎٨‎٧] (١٧٨٢/٩٤٢)

787
ghapter iv,
HISTORY OF QATAR. 5
Im
Qatar the head-quarters of the Al Khalifah section of the Utub,
1766-1782.
The modern history of Qatar opens with the settlement at Zubarah, Settlement^
upon the western shore of the promontory, of immigrants from Kuwait— at z ubai . ah>
the whole Al Khalifah division, namely, of the 'Utub. It is stated that, 1766.
at the arrival of the aitub in Qatar in 1766, Huwailah, inhabited by
Al Musallam of the Bani Khalid stock, was the largest place on the
coast ; but Fuwairat and Dohah also existed, the former being occupied
by Ma'adhid and other Al Bin-'Ali, and the latter by Sudan refugees
from the Pirate Coast. The Al Khalifah were followed to Zubarah at a
short interval by their kinsmen the Jalahimah, another division of the
tribe, whom they at first hospitably received ; but dissensions shortly
broke out, resulting in the secession of l the Jalahimah to the neighbouring
village of Ruwais, where they addicted themselves to piracy and were
afterwards all but exterminated by the Al Khalifah and by others whom
the Al Khalifah called in to their assistance. After this event the
remnant of the Jalahimah appear to have transferred themselves from
Ruwais to the adjacent port of Khor Hassan.
The growth of Zubarah was greatly stimulated by the Persian occupa-
tion of Basrah between 1776 and 1779, during which a number of Basrah tereg t a from
merchants together with fugitives from Kuwait resided temporarily at ^^Yiirah.
Zubarah and the pearl trade and the general trade of Eastern Arabia with
» Apart from the records of the Governraent of India there are few sources of
information regarding the hiatory of Qatar, and such works as do exist are compila
tions from those records. The principal authorities for earlier times are Bombay
Selections, XXIV, 18n6 ; and a Precis of Correspondence regarding the Afairs of
the Persian Gulf, 1801-53, by Mr. J. A. Saldanha, 1906 ; those for a more recent
period are a Precis of Nejd J fairs, 1804-1904, hy Mr. J. A. Saldanha, 1904; a
Precis of Bahrein Afairs, 1854-1904, by the same. 1904 ; a Prtcis of Katar
Afairs, 1873-1904, by the same, 1904 ; and the annual Administration Reports of
the Persian Gulf Political Residency. Palgrave's Central and Eastern Arabia, 1865,
throws some light on the condition of Qatar in 1863; and Lows History of tnC
Indian Navy, 1877. gives some details of British naval operations not to be found
elsewhere. The single Agreement relating to Qatar will be found in Aitchisou'
Treaties,
59 a