"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎٧‎٠] (١٧٨٢/٢١٣)

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the Masqat Arabs to their having been supplied by the EagliBh at
Bombay with ammunition, alleging further that the 'Omani vessels were
frequently commanded by Englishmen and flew the English flag-; and in
the same year Portuguese shipping seems to have suffered severely from
the operations of European pirates, who, it was asserted by the Portu
guese, held passes from the English East India Company, but the
Company denied connection with them and repudiated responsibility for
their actions. On the 13th of May 1698 two Portuguese frigates were
attacked off Kas-al-Hadd by a flotilla of eight 'Omani vessels, commanded
by the Wali of Matrah, and a fight ensued which lasted for three hours;
the result was the defeat of the Arabs with a large number kiUed
including their commander, while the Portuguese lost only five men
killed and eleven wounded. About 1699 Mombasah was captured by the
'Omanis,—who retained it until its temporary recovery by the Portuguese
in 1728,—and a general massacre of Portuguese took place along the
whole African coast.
1714-19. After this there was apparently a lull in the hostilities until the 19th
of February 1714, when the Arabs attacked a Portuguese fleet off Surat;
but the Portuguese on this occasion, with a loss to themselves of 28 killed
and 34 wounded, drove their assailants out to sea; and the Arab flagship
was even said to have foundered, on her way home, from injuries received
in the action. Shortly afterwards the Arabs, burning to avenge this
disgrace, appeared with a fleet off Kung and demanded the surrender of
the Portuguese Factor there by the Shahbandar, but again they were
beaten off with loss. In February 1719, circumstances being propitious,
a Portuguese squadron was sent to the Gulf, and on the 4th of August
it brought au Arab fleet to action off Kung; the first day's engagement,
which lasted from 9 a.m . to 7 p.m . was favourable to the Portuguese,
and on the next day they undertook a pursuit of the enemy, not returning
to Kung until the bth of August. In these first encounters the Portu
guese had 10 men killed and 35 wounded. Meanwhile the Arabs had
retired acioss the Gulf to Ras-al-Khaimah, in the neighbourhood of
which place the Portuguese, suspecting them to be countenanced by the
English and the Dutch, again sought them out on the 29th of August,
and, after more fighting, drove the last of them into port on the 2nd of
Septembei. Ihe piisoners taken in these wars were made slaves on both
sides j ihe captives of the 'Omanis are said to have been the better
treated.