"دليل الخليج. مجلد I. القسم التاريخي. الأجزاء Iأ و Iب. ج.ج. لوريمر ١٩١٥" [‎٧] (١٧٨٢/١٥٠)

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Commander captured Masqat, from which he dejwrted the Portuguese
garrison, made a demonstration against Hormuz itself and plundered the
town of Qishm.
In 1551 Pir Baig was beheaded at Constantinople on a charge of
having exceeded his instructions. His successor was Murad Baig, who
had previously failed to hold Qatif against the Portuguese, and who noxt
made a desperate hut unsuccessful attempt to retrieve his reputation by
engaging a Portuguese fleet oft' the Persian Coast.
In 1553 the Turkish fleet in the Gulf was taken from Murad Baiu-
and entrusted to ^Ali, Chalabi, an arrant boaster. On the 25th August
Dom Fernando de Noronha fell in with him at sea near Masqat and took
six of his ships, driving him with the remainder to Surat where he
hemmed him in.
In 1556 the Shaikh of Hormuz asked the help of the Portuguese
against the Turks, and Dom Alvaro da Silveira was sent to his assistance,
but the Portuguese fleet was disabled by a storm after its arrival at
Basrah, whither it proceeded, and returned with no achievement to its
credit.
Three years later a Turkish fleet of 2 galleys and 7U barques, with
1,200 Turks and Janissaries on board, proceeded against Bahrain. Has
Murad, who commanded there on behalf of the Shaikh of Hormuz,
appealed for aid to his master and to the Portuguese ; and a Portuguese
fleet immediately proceeded to the scene of action. The Portuguese on
their arrival, assisted by Has Murad and by 300 Avell armed Persians
attacked the Turks, whom they found besieging the principal fort, but
were drawn into an ambush and suffered severely, about 70 Portuguese
being killed. Ultimately, the allies having received reinforcements from
Hormuz, the Turkish forces in Bahrain were obliged to surrender. They
were allowed to leave the islands after delivering up their prisoners,
their artillery, their arms and horses, and a sum of 10,000 ducats.
In 1580 Portugal was annexed to Spain and did not recover her
independence until 1640.
The year 1581 was signalised by a descent on Masqat organised by
'Ali Baig, a Turkish marauder, with three galleys; the place was
surprised by sea and by land; and the Portuguese garrison had to retire
temporarily into the interior. A Portuguese expedition was then sent out
from Hormuz to chastise 'Ali Baig, but it destroyed instead the ports of
Gwadar and Tis on the coast of Makran.
In 1582 the Khan of Lar, whose family had once lorded it over the
Shaikhs of Hormuz but were now regarded by the latter as their vassals.
Cruise of
Murad Biiig
against the
Portuguese,
1561.
Defeat of a
Turkish fleot
under 'Ali,
Chalabi, off
Masqat by
the Portu
guese, 1553.
Third
Portuguese
expedition
to Basrah,
1556.
Invasion of
Bahrain by
the Turks
and their
expulsion
by the
Portuguese,
1559.
Annexation
of Portugal
to Spain,
1580.
Temporary
seizure of
Masqat by
the Turks,
1581.
Demonstra
tion against
Hormuz by